Determinants | OR (univariate analysis) | CI 95% | P | OR (multivariate analysis) | CI 95% | P |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CKD stage ≥ 3 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
HTN versus no | 2.9 | 1.9 – 4.6 | 0.001 | 3.3 | 1.7 – 6.5 | 0.001 |
Pulse pressure > 60 versus < 60 mmHg | 2.0 | 1.3–3.2 | 0.001 | 1.09 | 0.6 – 1.8 | 0.7 |
Age ≥ 50 versus <50 years | 1.8 | 1.2–2.7 | 0.002 | 1.5 | 0.9–2.4 | 0.08 |
DM versus no | 1.5 | 1.04–2.3 | 0.04 | 2.0 | 1.1–3.8 | 0.01 |
Dipstick proteinuria ≥ 1+ versus 0 | 2.9 | 1.7–5.1 | < 0.0001 | 2.0 | 1.1–3.6 | 0.02 |
Herbal remedy use versus no | 1.7 | 1.03–2.7 | 0.002 | 1.2 | 0.7–1.9 | 0.3 |
24 h- quantitative proteinuria (≥ 300 mg/24 h) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pulse pressure > 60 versus < 60 mmHg | 2.4 | 1.5–3.9 | < 0.0001 | 1.8 | 1.03 – 3.2 | 0.03 |
HTN versus no | 1.7 | 1.1–2.8 | 0.01 | 1.2 | 0.7 – 2.2 | 0.4 |
DM versus no | 1.7 | 1.05–2.8 | 0.03 | 1.4 | 0.8–2.4 | 0.1 |