CKD classification based on estimated GFR over three years and subsequent cardiac and mortality outcomes: a cohort study

Table 1 Demographic and Clinical Characteristics at the Time of the Second Study Visit

	eGFR < 60 (n = 891, 4.9%)	eGFR ≥ 60 (n = 15,925, 88.1%)	eGFR Increase (n = 278, 1.5%)	eGFR Decline (n = 972, 5.4%)	Total (n = 18,066)
Demographics
Age	73.4 ± 9.1	59.9 ± 8.7	65.5 ± 9.7	69.0 ± 11.0	61.1 ± 9.5
Female	54.9	55.3	64.0	59.5	55.7*
African American	7.3	21.3	9.0	10.9	19.8
High School Graduate	73.7	78.1	74.1	74.7	77.7^†
ARIC	24.7	83.5	53.2	47.2	78.2
Visit Interval, months	35.3 ± 1.6	35.3 ± 2.6	35.3 ± 2.0	35.4 ± 2.1	35.3 ± 2.5^§
Medical History
Diabetes	18.4	14.7	20.9	18.6	15.2
Hypertension	77.2	43.1	61.2	68.1	46.4
CVD	35.0	14.8	27.0	27.0	16.6
Current Smoker	9.8	20.8	15.6	10.3	19.6
Former Smoker	49.0	38.7	48.2	43.9	39.7
Current Alcohol Use	43.6	55.5	46.4	47.9	54.3
Physical Findings
Systolic BP	136 ± 24	124 ± 20	128 ± 20	131 ± 23	125 ± 20
Diastolic BP	71 ± 12	72 ± 10	71 ± 10	71 ± 12	72 ± 11^‡
LVH	6.3	2.5	3.3	5.9	2.9
Body Mass Index	26.8 ± 4.6	27.6 ± 5.1	27.6 ± 5.0	27.5 ± 4.8	27.5 ± 5.1^†
Waist to Hip Ratio	0.95 ± 0.07	0.93 ± 0.08	0.94 ± 0.07	0.94 ± 0.08	0.93 ± 0.08
Laboratory Results
V1 Creatinine	1.3 ± 0.3	0.8 ± 0.2	1.2 ± 0.2	1.0 ± 0.2	0.9 ± 0.2
V1 eGFR	50.8 ± 7.7	93.7 ± 20.0	55.9 ± 4.6	72.2 ± 11.0	89.8 ± 22.0
V2 Creatinine	1.5 ± 0.8	0.9 ± 0.2	1.0 ± 0.2	1.3 ± 0.3	0.9 ± 0.3
V2 eGFR	47.4 ± 9.6	86.1 ± 17.1	68.2 ± 8.5	53.8 ± 6.6	82.1 ± 19.6
Hematocrit	40.2 ± 4.3	40.8 ± 3.7	40.8 ± 3.8	40.4 ± 4.1	40.8 ± 3.7
Total Cholesterol	210.2 ± 42.4	209.2 ± 38.9	210.8 ± 41.1	214.7 ± 43.3	209.6 ± 39.4
HDL Cholesterol	49.2 ± 14.6	50.3 ± 16.4	49.6 ± 16.6	49.4 ± 15.4	50.1 ± 16.3^§
Albumin	4.0 ± 0.3	3.9 ± 0.3	4.0 ± 0.3	3.9 ± 0.3	3.9 ± 0.3

CVD, cardiovascular disease; BP, blood pressure; V1, first visit; V2, second visit (which serves as the baseline visit); LVH, left ventricular hypertrophy; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate. Continuous variables are mean ± standard deviation and categorical variables are %. P-values are for differences among groups. Age is in years, blood pressures in mm Hg, body mass index in kg/m², waist to hip in cm/cm, creatinine and cholesterols in mg/dL, GFR in mL/min per 1.73m², hematocrit in %, and albumin in g/dL. Albumin was not present at the 2^nd visit in both studies; therefore values represent the 1^st study visit.
To convert creatinine to μmol/L, multiply by 884; to convert eGFR to mL/sec per 1.73 m2, multiply by 0.01667; to convert hemoglobin and albumin to g/L, multiply by 10; to covert cholesterols to mmol/L, multiply by 0.02586.
All p-values < 0.0001 except: *, < 0.01; ^†, < 0.001l; ^‡, < 0.05; ^§, non-significant

ISSN: 1471-2369