Table 3 Characteristics of females with and without renal impairment (eGFR_CG/BSA < 60 ml/min/1.73 m²)

Age (years)*

51.47 (12.73)

34.26 (10.01)

Age above 60 years*

98 (28.2)

42 (2.4)

15.932

10.84–23.416

Education: Less than primary*

282 (81)

1173 (67.1)

2.098

1.576–2.793

Salaried job*

14 (4)

155 (8.9)

0.431

0.246–0.754

Current smoker*

19 (5.5)

52 (3)

1.885

1.100–3.229

Current alcohol intake

2 (0.6)

15 (0.9)

Exercise (≥ 60 minutes/day)

240 (69)

1252 (71.6)

BMI (kg/m²)*

22.19 (3.41)

23.52 (4.28)

Obese by BMI (≥ 25 kg/m²)*

64 (18.4)

515 (29.5)

0.537

0.402–0.718

WC (cm)*

78.36 (10.24)

77.10 (11.67)

Obese by WC*

156 (44.8)

687 (39.3)

1.382

1.097–1.741

Systolic BP (mmHg)*

130 (100–200)

124 (85–240)

Diastolic BP (mmHg)*

80 (60–114)

80 (50–150)

Hypertension*

130 (37.4)

468 (26.8)

1.631

1.281–2.077

Proteinuria*

23 (6.6)

18 (1.1)

6.806

3.632–12.754

Serum creatinine (mg/dl)*

1.0 (0.6–6.20)

0.8 (0.4–1.30)

eGFR CG/BSA* (ml/min/1.73 m²)

53.77 (8.69–59.99)

81.58 (60.06–186.08)

Haemoglobin (g/dl)

10.79 (1.08)

10.88 (1.07)

Fasting blood glucose (mg/dl)*

95 (55–412)

89 (52–558)

Diabetes

27 (7.8)

99 (5.7)

NSAID intake*

61 (17.5)

177 (10.1)

1.888

1.375–2.592

Family history*

CKD, HTN, DM, MI/Stroke

5, 59, 31, 8

(1.4, 17, 8.9, 2.3)

13, 124, 69, 7

(0.7, 7.1, 3.9, 0.4)

Total cholesterol (mg/dl)

168.5 (111–289)

169 (112–312.90)