Table 1 Characteristics of African American participants by circulating 25(OH) D concentration
Characteristic | All patients | 25(OH) D < 15 ng/ml | 25(OH) D ≥ 15 ng/ml |  |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Â | N = 91 | N = 39 | N = 52 | p value |
Age (years) | 59.3 ± 12.4 | 56.4 ± 12.6 | 61.4 ± 12.0 | 0.05 |
Sex | Â | Â | Â | 0.27 |
   Female | 43 (47.3) | 21 (48.5) | 22 (51.2) |  |
   Male | 48 (52.7) | 18 (37.5) | 30 (62.5) |  |
Dialysis vintage (yrs) | 5.7 ± 4.1 | 6.2 ± 4.5 | 5.3 ± 3.9 | 0.33 |
KT/V* | 1.4 ± 0.3 | 1.4 ± 0.2 | 1.5 ± 0.4 | 0.38 |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | Â | Â | Â | 0.10 |
   Under (<18.5) | 1 (1.2) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (100.0) |  |
   Normal (18.5 to <25) | 23 (26.7) | 6 (26.09) | 17 (73.9) |  |
   Overweight (25 to <30) | 37 (43.0) | 18 (48.6) | 19 (51.4) |  |
   Obese (> = 30) | 25 (29.1) | 14 (56.0) | 11 (44.0) |  |
Smoking status | Â | Â | Â | 0.08 |
   Never | 55 (60.4) | 28 (50.9) | 27 (49.09) |  |
   Former | 23 (25.7) | 7 (30.4) | 16 (69.57) |  |
   Current | 13 (14.3) | 4 (30.8) | 9 (69.23) |  |
Vascular access type | Â | Â | Â | 0.34 |
   AVF | 38 (41.8) | 13 (34.2) | 25 (65.8) |  |
   Graft | 44 (48.4) | 21 (47.7) | 23 (52.3) |  |
   Catheter | 9 (9.0) | 5 (55.6) | 4 (44.4) |  |
Activated vitamin D treatment | 39 (42.9) | 27 (29.7) | 44 (48.3) | 0.08 |
Comorbidities | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Diabetes | 45 (49.4) | 23 (51.1) | 22 (48.9) | 0.11 |
   Hypertension | 89 (97.8) | 38 (42.7) | 51 (57.3) | 0.84 |
   Stroke or TIA | 16 (17.6) | 10 (62.5) | 6 (37.5) | 0.08 |
   Congestive heart failure | 21 (23.1) | 9 (42.9) | 12 (57.1) | 0.99 |
   Peripheral arterial disease | 13 (14.3) | 7 (53.9) | 6 (46.1) | 0.79 |
   HIV or AIDS | 3 (3.3) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (100.0) | 0.26 |
Laboratory tests | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   25(OH)D level (ng/ml) | 18.8 ± 9.6 | 11.1 ± 1.9 | 24.5 ± 9.0 |  |
   Calcium (mg/dl) | 8.8 ± 0.8 | 8.5 ± 0.9 | 9.0 ± 0.8 | <0.001 |
   Phosphorus (mg/dl) | 5.3 ± 2.0 | 5.8 ± 1.8 | 5.0 ± 2.1 | 0.05 |
   intact PTH (pg/dl) | 478.5 ± 537.09 | 569.9 ± 693.5 | 409.9 ± 373.6 | 0.16 |
   Albumin (g/dl) | 3.9 ± 0.4 | 3.9 ± 0.1 | 3.9 ± 0.1 | 0.74 |
   Alkaline Phosphatase (U/L) | 143.0 ± 113.0 | 164.9 ± 53.0 | 126.5 ± 66.7 | 0.15 |
   Hemoglobin (g/l) | 12.1 ± 1.4 | 12.0 ± 1.5 | 12.2 ± 1.3 | 0.63 |
   Total Cholesterol (mg/dl) | 154.4 ± 32.8 | 160.6 ± 35.6 | 149.7 ± 29.9 | 0.13 |
   Triglycerides (mg/dl) | 133.2 ± 75.3 | 135.6 ± 66.0 | 131.3 ± 82.6 | 0.79 |
   HDL cholesterol (mg/dl) | 48.1 ± 19.4 | 44.4 ± 15.8 | 51.0 ± 21.6 | 0.12 |
   LDL cholesterol (mg/dl) | 79.1 ± 31.8 | 87.1 ± 36.5 | 72.8 ± 26.3 | 0.04 |