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Table 2 Detailed description of the included publications on CKD patients

From: Clinical pharmacy activities in chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease patients: a systematic literature review

First author,

(Year),

Population

Design

N (INT/CT)a

Duration

(months)

Interventions

Relevant outcomesb

Results

p-Value

Lim SB et al. [14], (2003), CKD inpts

DS

60

2

MR, therapeutic monitoring, feedback to physicians

No./Types of DRPs

86

 

Abstract

    

   Transcription errors

   44%

 
     

   Renal dosage adjustments

   10%

 
     

PhAR

93%

 
     

Significance

  
     

   Somewhat significant

   26%

 
     

   Significant

   67%

 
     

   Very significant

   4%

 

Patel HR et al. [15], (2005), CKD outpts

DS

119

NR

Review of medical records, evaluations of DRPs, therapeutic recommendations

No. of DRPs

381 (100%)

 

Abstract

    

Types of Interventions

  
     

   Change of drugs

   NR

 
     

   Change of dosage

   NR

 
     

   Interval adjustments

   NR

 
     

PhAR

40.9%

 

Allenet B et al. [31], (2007), CKD outpts

BAS

10

3

Pharmacist-managed anaemia educational programmes

Knowledge (% of right answers on a 7-item questionnaire) at baseline vs. follow-up at Month 3

80 ± 18/93 ± 10

NS

     

QOL judged on a LAS (0-10) at baseline vs. Month 3

  
     

   Energy

   3.3 ± 1.7/7.1 ± 1.7

< 0.05

     

   Daily activities

   4.9 ± 2.1/7.7 ± 1.9

< 0.05

     

   General well-being

   4.6 ± 2.2/7.5 ± 1.6

< 0.05

Bucaloiu ID et al. [24], (2007), CKD outpts

DS

NR

32

Pharmacist-managed anaemia programmes compared to PCP-managed pts

Weekly erythropoietin dose

6.698/12.000 units

0.0001

Abstract

    

Time to achieve Hb goal

47.5/62.5 days

0.11

     

Maintenance of Hb values in target range

69.8/43.9%

0.0001

     

Maintenance of Tsat values in target range

64.8/40.4%

0.043

Joy MS et al. [25], (2007), CKD outpts

DS

128

28

Clinical pharmacist-managed anaemia programmes with darbopoietin

% of pts achieving Hb target compared to retrospective baseline analysis of data (before clinical implementation)

78/41%

 

Lee J et al. [16], (2009), CKD outpts

CT

18 (9/9)

6

INT: PC

CT: SOC

Disease control parameters: Change from baseline to last follow-up visit (INT/CT)

  

Abstract

    

   Blood pressure

   -6/+6.8 mmHg

 
     

   HbA 1c

   -0.2/0%

 
     

   Haemoglobin

   1.05/-1.85 g/dL

 
     

Medication adherence (pill count)

97.2/88.2%

 
  1. BAS before-after study, CKD chronic kidney disease, CT controlled trial, DS descriptive study, DRP drug-related problem, Hb haemoglobin, HbA 1c glycosylated haemoglobin, LAS linear analogue scale, MR medication review, No. number, NR not reported, NS not significant, PC pharmaceutical care, PCP primary care physician, PhAR physician acceptance rate, pts patients, QOL quality of life, SOC standard of care, Tsat transferrin saturation
  2. a Number of included patients in the intervention (INT) or control (CT) group
  3. b For brevity, only the three most commonly performed interventions/drug-related problems are listed.
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BMC Nephrology

ISSN: 1471-2369

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