Table 4 Relationships between different domains of knowledge and demographics as well as clinical characteristics in both bivariate analysis and multiple logistic regression.
From: Limited knowledge of chronic kidney disease among primary care patients – a cross-sectional survey
Symptom (n = 1495) | Progression (n = 1462) | Treatment (n = 1501) | Resource Available (n = 1503) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
[What are the symptoms of early kidney disease that might progress to kidney failure?] | [Which of the following statement about kidney disease is INCORRECT:] | [What is the best medical treatment for End Stage Kidney Failure?] | [Where can dialysis treatment be carried out?] | |||||||||
Correct | Incorrect | OR (95% CI) | Correct | Incorrect | OR (95% CI) | Correct | Incorrect | OR (95% CI) | Correct | Incorrect | OR (95% CI) | |
Frequency (%) | 67 (4.5) | 1428 | 284 | 1178 | 1192 | 309 | 928 | 575 | ||||
Age: mean(SD), year | 44.1 (14.9)* | 49.1 (15.1) | 50.0** | 44.4 | 48.0** | 52.5 | 47.9* | 50.5 | ||||
Gender, freq (%) | ||||||||||||
Male | 40 (5.3) | 711 (94.7) | 141 (19.1) | 598 (80.9) | 583 (77.4) | 170 (22.6) | 453 (60.0) | 302 (40.0) | ||||
Female | 26 (3.5) | 708 (96.5) | 141 (19.7) | 573 (80.3) | 604 (81.6) | 136 (18.4) | 471 (63.8) | 267 (36.2) | ||||
Ethnicity, freq (%) | ||||||||||||
Chinese | 48 (4.5) | 1009 (95.5) | 221 (21.4) | 812 (78.6) | 873 (82.5) | 185 (17.5) | 709 (67.0) | 349 (33.0) | ||||
Malay | 10 (4.1) | 233 (95.9) | 42 (17.9) | 193 (82.1) | 179 (72.2) | 69 (27.8) | 122 (49.4) | 125 (50.6) | ||||
Indian | 5 (3.4) | 143 (96.6) | 14 (9.5)* | 133 (90.5) | 102 (68.9)** | 46 (31.1) | 67 (45.0)** | 82 (55.0) | ||||
Others | 3 (7.0) | 40 (93.0) | 6 (13.6) | 38 (86.4) | 36 (80.0) | 9 (20.0) | 27 (60.0) | 18 (40.0) | ||||
Citizenship, freq (%) | ||||||||||||
Singaporean | 64 (4.6) | 1327 (95.4) | 270 (19.9) | 1088 (80.1) | 1113 (79.6) | 285 (20.4) | 886 (63.4) | 511 (36.6) | Reference | |||
Others (Permanent Residents and Foreigners) | 2 (2.1) | 94 (97.9) | 12 (12.4) | 85 (87.6) | 74 (76.3) | 23 (23.7) | 39 (39.8)** | 59 (60.2) | 0.3 (0.2-0.6) | |||
Education, freq (%) | ||||||||||||
Up to primary | 8 (2.5)^ | 313 (97.5) | 33 (10.6)** | 279 (89.4) | 0.5 (0.3-0.9) | 227 (70.3)** | 96 (29.7) | 0.6 (0.4-0.9) | 157 (48.6)** | 166 (51.4) | 0.5 (0.3-0.7) | |
Secondary | 24 (3.9) | 591 (96.1) | 104 (17.4) | 494 (82.6) | 0.9 (0.6-1.3) | 488 (78.7) | 132 (21.3) | 0.8 (0.5-1.2) | 377 (61.0) | 241 (39.0) | 0.7 (0.5-0.9) | |
Above Secondary | 34 (6.2) | 516 (93.8) | 146 (26.8) | 398 (73.2) | Reference | 472 (85.7) | 79 (14.3) | Reference | 390 (70.5) | 163 (29.5) | Reference | |
Occupation, freq (%) | ||||||||||||
Professional & Exec | 18 (7.7) | 217 (92.3) | 65 (27.9) | 168 (72.1) | 200 (86.2) | 32 (13.8) | 170 (72.3) | 65 (27.7) | ||||
Non-professional | 48 (3.9)^ | 1197 (96.1) | 218 (18.0)** | 996 (82.0) | 980 (78.2)* | 273 (21.8) | 750 (59.9)** | 503 (40.1) | ||||
Income (SGD), freq (%) | ||||||||||||
<$2000 | 29 (4.0)^ | 697 (96.0) | 107 (15.0)** | 608 (85.0) | 0.5 (0.3-0.8) | 544 (74.5)** | 186 (25.5) | 412 (56.4)** | 319 (43.6) | |||
$2000-$4999 | 19 (4.0)^ | 458 (96.0) | 105 (22.8) | 356 (77.2) | 0.7 (0.5-1.0) | 414 (86.8) | 63 (13.2) | 326 (68.3) | 151 (31.7) | |||
> = $5000 | 15 (8.2) | 169 (91.8) | 56 (30.9) | 125 (69.1) | Reference | 161 (87.0) | 24 (13.0) | 139 (75.1) | 46 (24.9) | |||
Having Children, freq (%) | ||||||||||||
Yes | 39 (3.6)* | 1047 (96.4) | 179 (16.9)** | 880 (83.1) | 866 (79.4) | 225 (20.6) | 655 (60.1) | 434 (39.9) | ||||
No | 23 (7.1) | 301 (92.9) | 94 (29.4) | 226 (70.6) | 263 (80.4) | 64 (19.6) | 209 (63.7) | 119 (39.0) | ||||
Having comorbidity, freq (%) | ||||||||||||
Yes | 22 (3.6) | 582 (96.4) | 91 (15.4)* | 500 (84.6) | 457 (78.0) | 134 (22.0) | 372 (61.3) | 235 (38.7) | ||||
No | 40 (5.1) | 751 (94.9) | 177 (22.9) | 597 (77.1) | 641 (80.9) | 151 (19.1) | 484 (60.9) | 311 (39.1) | ||||
Religion, freq (%) | ||||||||||||
Buddhism | 12 (2.6)^ | 458 (97.4) | 92 (20.2) | 364 (79.8) | 373 (79.5) | 96 (20.5) | 300 (64.0) | 169 (36.0) | ||||
Christianity | 12 (4.1) | 283 (95.9) | 74 (25.3) | 218 (74.7) | 258 (86.6) | 40 (13.4) | 212 (71.1) | 86 (28.9) | ||||
Islam | 13 (4.2) | 297 (95.8) | 50 (16.6) | 252 (83.4) | 225 (71.7)** | 89 (28.3) | 161 (51.3)** | 153 (48.7) | ||||
Others | 29 (7.0) | 384 (93.0) | 67 (16.5)^ | 339 (83.5) | 330 (79.9) | 83 (20.1) | 251 (60.5) | 164 (39.5) | ||||
Age group, freq (%) | ||||||||||||
< 40 years | 25 (6.2) | 381 (93.8) | 108 (26.8) | 295 (73.2) | 342 (83.4) | 68 (16.6) | Reference | 265 (64.6) | 145 (35.4) | |||
40 – 60 years | 30 (4.1) | 701 (95.9) | 132 (18.5) | 580 (81.5) | 598 (81.9) | 132 (18.1) | 0.9 (0.6-1.3) | 464 (63.3) | 269 (36.7) | |||
> 60 years | 11 (3.1) | 343 (96.9) | 43 (12.5)** | 301 (87.5) | 251 (70.1)** | 107 (29.9) | 0.5 (0.3-0.8) | 196 (55.1)^ | 160 (44.9) | |||
Marital status, freq (%) | ||||||||||||
Married | 41 (3.7) | 1063 (96.3) | 190 (17.7) | 886 (82.3) | 883 (79.5) | 227 (20.5) | 672 (60.6) | 436 (39.4) | ||||
Single | 20 (6.6) | 283 (93.4) | 81 (26.9) | 220 (73.1) | 246 (81.2) | 57 (18.8) | 209 (68.1) | 98 (31.9) | ||||
Divorced/ Separated /Widowed | 5 (6.0) | 79 (94.0) | 13 (15.7)* | 70 (84.3) | 61 (71.8) | 24 (28.2) | 45 (53.6)^ | 39 (46.4) | ||||