Table 2 List of topics considered by stakeholders for Comparative Effectiveness Systematic Reviews
From: Setting an agenda for comparative effectiveness systematic reviews in CKD care
Topic | Example Question* | |
|---|---|---|
Prevention | ||
1** | Patient knowledge/education | What is the effectiveness of strategies to improve patient knowledge or awareness of CKD and CKD risk factors on decreasing CKD incidence? |
2 | Hypertension | What is the comparative effectiveness of hypertension management (pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic) on CKD incidence? |
3 | Diabetes control and prevention | What is the comparative effectiveness of diabetes management (pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic) on CKD incidence? |
4 | Patient Safety | What is the effectiveness of patient safety interventions on decreasing the incidence of acute kidney injury/CKD (i.e. exposure to contrast/dyes, nephrotoxins [NSAIDS])? |
5 | Smoking cessation and prevention | What is the comparative effectiveness of smoking cessation strategies on CKD incidence? |
6 | Lipid management | What is the comparative effectiveness of lipid management strategies on CKD incidence? |
7 | Vitamin D | What is the effectiveness of normalizing Vitamin D levels among deficient or insufficient patients in preventing CKD? |
8 | Obesity/Weight Management | What is the effectiveness of obesity/weight management interventions in decreasing CKD incidence? |
Detection | ||
9 | Screening benefits and harms | What are the benefits and harms of screening versus usual detection of CKD? |
10 | Screening frequency | What is the optimal screening frequency in populations at high-risk of CKD incidence? |
11 | Classification | Which estimations of GFR accurately classify people as having CKD? Including the correct stage? |
12 | Automated estimated GFR reporting | Does automated estimated GFR reporting lead to changes in clinical management and outcomes (drugs/referral)? |
Progression | ||
13 | Health Information Technology | What is the effectiveness of computer decision support for CKD management (including medication dosing) in slowing CKD progression? |
14 | Hyperuricemia | Is treatment of hyperuricemia an effective strategy for slowing CKD progression? |
15 | Inflammation | What is the comparative effectiveness of strategies to reduce markers of inflammation (i.e. C-reactive protein) in slowing CKD progression? |
16 | Provider awareness and guideline adherence | What is the effectiveness of strategies to improve provider awareness and adherence to guidelines on improving outcomes (progression) for patients with CKD? |
17 | Collaboration strategies | What is the effectiveness of strategies to increase collaboration in care (i.e. primary care/nephrology and team based approaches) of CKD patients in slowing CKD progression? |
18 | Diabetes management | What is the effectiveness and comparative effectiveness of diabetes management strategies (i.e. pharmacologic and behavioral strategies, therapeutic targets) in slowing CKD progression? |
19 | Vitamin D | Is vitamin D therapy effective in slowing CKD progression? |
20 | Hypertension | What is the comparative effectiveness of strategies to treat hypertension (i.e. target, medication combinations, behavioral strategies, lifestyle interventions) in slowing CKD progression? |
21 | Proteinuria | Is targeted therapy to reduce proteinuria (ie. optimal proteinuria target, specific therapies) effective in slowing CKD progression? |
22 | Patient safety | What is the effectiveness of patient safety interventions on slowing CKD progression? |
23 | Access to care | Is improved access to care (including primary or nephrology care) an effective mechanism for slowing CKD progression? |
24 | Cardiovascular disease | Are interventions to manage heart failure and coronary artery disease effective in slowing CKD progression? |
25 | Dietary strategies | What is the effectiveness or comparative effectiveness of dietary strategies in slowing CKD progression? |
26 | Congenital urologic disease | What is the effectiveness and comparative effectiveness of strategies to treat congenital urologic disease in slowing CKD progression? |
27 | Acute kidney injury | What is the comparative effectiveness of management strategies of AKI in slowing CKD progression? |
28 | Preparation for renal replacement therapy | What is the comparative of strategies (e.g., education, shared decision-making, fistula placement) to prepare patients for renal replacement therapy? |
29 | Metabolic acidosis | Is treatment of metabolic acidosis an effective strategy for slowing CKD progression? |
30 | Anemia | Is treatment of anemia an effective strategy for slowing CKD progression? |
31 | Dyslipidemia | Is treatment of dyslipidemia an effective strategy in slowing CKD progression? |
32 | Renovascular disease | Are renovascular interventions effective in slowing CKD progression? |
Complications | ||
33 | Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) | What is the effectiveness or comparative effectiveness of strategies to prevent or treat CVD among patients with CKD? |
34 | Patient Educational Interventions | What is the effectiveness of patient educational interventions in reducing CKD complications? |
35 | Bone/Mineral Disease | What is the effectiveness or comparative effectiveness of strategies to screen, evaluate and treat bone/mineral disease among patients with CKD? |
36 | Hypertension | What is the effectiveness or comparative effectiveness of blood pressure management strategies among patients with CKD? |
37 | Inflammation | What is the comparative effectiveness of strategies to reduce markers of inflammation (i.e., CRP) in slowing CKD progression? |
38 | Nutrition/Growth | What is the effectiveness of strategies to prevent, evaluate, and treat poor growth and malnutrition among patients with CKD? |
39 | Health Information Technology | What is the effectiveness of computer decision support for CKD management in reducing complications? |
40 | Collaborative Care | What is the effectiveness of strategies to increase collaboration (i.e., primary care/nephrology and team based approaches) in care of CKD for reducing CKD complications? |
41 | Patient Safety | What is the effectiveness of patient safety interventions in reducing complications among CKD patients? |
42 | Patient Reported Outcomes | What is the effectiveness of interventions to improve patient reported CKD complications (i.e. symptoms, sexual dysfunction, quality of life)? |
43 | Anemia | What is the effectiveness or comparative effectiveness of strategies to screen, evaluate, and treat anemia in patients with CKD? |
44 | Acute Kidney Injury | What is the effectiveness or comparative effectiveness of strategies to prevent or treat acute kidney injury among patients with CKD? |
45 | Functional status | What is the effectiveness of strategies to evaluate and improve functional status (i.e. rehabilitation interventions) among patients with CKD? |
46 | Fluid management | What is the effectiveness or comparative effectiveness of treatment strategies for volume overload among patients with CKD? |