Chronic kidney disease in the type 2 diabetic patients: prevalence and associated variables in a random sample of 2642 patients of a Mediterranean area

Table 4 Multivariate analysis of types of kidney disease and associated variables in type 2 diabetic patients

	Renal impairment OR (CI 95%)	Nonalbuminuric RI OR (CI 95%)	Diabetic nephropathy OR (CI 95%)
Gender (men) women	2.20 (1.86–2.54)	0.27 (0.21–0.35)	0.56 (0.40–0.78)
Diabetes duration (≤10) & 10 years	1.43 (1.18–1.74)	0.66 (0.48–1.08)	0.80 (0.54–1.19)
D Diabetes duration *For year*	1.03 (1.02–1.05)	0.94 (0.91–0.97)	0.97 (0.94–1.1)
ACEI/ARB treatment (No) Yes	1.51 (1.27–1.79)	1.42 (1.09–1.84)	0.98 (0.70–1.37)
BP (≤ 130/80 mmHg) & 130/80 mmHg	0.86 (0.69–1.06)	2.16 (0.90–3.57)	1.18 (0.60–2.32)
HbA1c for each 1% of increase	0.85 (0.80-0.91)	1.19 (1.09-1.30)	1.21 (0.96-1.37)
Insulin treatment (No) Yes	1.82 (1.39-2.38)	1.42 (1.08-1.84)	4.17 (2.33-7.44)
Microvascular disease (No) Yes	2.14 (1.80-2.54)	-	-

In bold: p < 0.01;
Adjusted also for age, body mass index, total cholesterol and non-HDL cholesterol, pulse pressure and macrovascular disease.
RI: renal impairment. Glomerular filtration rate < 60 mil/min/1.73 m². Diabetic nephropathy: albuminuria & 300 mg/gr or albuminuria 30–300 mg/gr plus retinopathy. Albuminuria: albuminuria & 30 mg/gr.; ACEI: angiotensin-converting enyme inhibitor; ARB: angiotensin receptor blocker; BP: blood pressure; HbA1c; glycated haemoglobin; Microvascular disease: albuminuria and/or diabetic retinopathy.

ISSN: 1471-2369