Table 1 Baseline characteristics of enrolled patients treated with different dialysis modalities and vascular accesses (HD-AVF, hemodialysis with arteriovenous fistula; HD-TCC, hemodialysis with catheter; PD, peritoneal dialysis)
Variable | HD-AVF (n = 59) | HD-TCC (n = 51) | PD (n = 42) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Male sex (%) | 60% | 55% | 52% | 0.856 |
Mean age (y) | 62.8 ± 14.3 | 66.1 ± 15.4 | 55.1 ± 16.1 | 0.001 |
18-44 years | 5 (9%) | 4 (8%) | 9 (21%) | 0.047 |
45-64 years | 19 (32%) | 12 (24%) | 20 (47%) | 0.015 |
65+ years | 35 (59%) | 35 (69%) | 13 (31%) | 0.001 |
Etiology of kidney disease (%) | ||||
Diabetes | 26 (44%) | 22 (42%) | 8 (19%) | 0.017 |
Hypertension | 7 (12%) | 4 (8%) | 2 (5%) | 0.471 |
Glomerulonephritis | 7 (12%) | 3 (6%) | 13 (31%) | 0.003 |
Tubulointersticial kidney disease | 8 (14%) | 10 (20%) | 7 (17%) | 0.702 |
Unknown | 11 (18%) | 12 (24%) | 12 (29%) | 0.510 |
Mean Charlson Comorbidity Index | 5.1 ± 3.1 | 5.0 ± 2.5 | 4.4 ± 2.2 | 0.574 |
Low risk (≤ 3) | 25 (42%) | 17 (34%) | 15 (36%) | 0.745 |
Medium risk (4–5) | 13 (22%) | 11 (21%) | 14 (33%) | 0.133 |
High risk (≥6) | 21 (36%) | 23 (45%) | 13 (31%) | 0.575 |
Comorbid conditions (%) | ||||
Coronary heart disease | 26 (44%) | 17 (33%) | 6 (14%) | 0.007 |
Congestive heart failure | 25 (42%) | 18 (35%) | 7 (17%) | 0.023 |
Peripheral vascular disease | 14 (24%) | 11 (22%) | 9 (19%) | 0.104 |
Previous stroke | 7 (12%) | 8 (16%) | 2 (5%) | 0.095 |
Diabetes | 26 (44%) | 23 (45%) | 8 (19%) | 0.015 |
Malignant disease | 10 (20%) | 10 (23%) | 11 (26%) | 0.432 |
Late referral (%) | 13 (22%) | 44 (86%) | 9 (21%) | <0.001 |
Time from referral to dialysis initiation, months (mean ± SD) | 39 ± 35 | 11 ± 30 | 34 ± 28 | <0.001 |
Hemoglobin (g/L) | 104 (101, 108) | 90 (85, 94) | 105 (108, 115) | <0.001 |
eGFR (ml/min per 1.73 m2)* | 10.0 (9.2, 10.9) | 7.8 (6.8, 8.9) | 8.3 (7.7, 9.0) | <0.001 |
Serum creatinine (mg/dL) | 5.7 (5.3, 6.1) | 8.0 (7.0, 9.1) | 6.7 (6.0, 7.4) | <0.001 |
Serum urea (mg/dL) | 218 (203, 231) | 217 (194, 239) | 197 (184, 210) | 0.214 |
Serum albumin (g/L) | 37 (35, 38) | 33 (31, 34) | 39 (38, 40) | <0.001 |