From: Innate versus adaptive immunity in kidney immunopathology
Innate immunity | Adaptive immunity | |
---|---|---|
Recognition receptors (R) | Complement-R | B cell receptors |
Mannose-R | T cell receptors | |
Toll-like-R | MHC I | |
Inflammasomes | MHCII | |
Low affinity immunoglobulins | High affinity IgG | |
Receptor clonality | Non-clonal | clonal |
Receptor genes | Single gene, no rearrangement required | Encoded in gene segments Rearrangement required |
Receptor agonists | Molecular patterns | Antigenic epitopes |
Time delay of response | Immediate | Delayed |
Effector mechanism | Opsonization, phagocytosis, granuloma formation, leukocyte recruitment, complement lysis, inflammation, healing responses | Clonal expansion of antigen-specific B and T cells, antigen-specific immunoglobulins |
pdigmatic kidney diseases | Urinary tract infection, acute kidney injury, glomerulosclerosis, tubulointerstitial fibrosis, crystal nephropathies C3 glomerulopathy | IC glomerulonephritis, allograft rejection, interstitial nephritis |