Skip to main content

Table 1 Differences in innate and adaptive immunity

From: Innate versus adaptive immunity in kidney immunopathology

 

Innate immunity

Adaptive immunity

Recognition receptors (R)

Complement-R

B cell receptors

Mannose-R

T cell receptors

Toll-like-R

MHC I

Inflammasomes

MHCII

Low affinity immunoglobulins

High affinity IgG

Receptor clonality

Non-clonal

clonal

Receptor genes

Single gene, no rearrangement required

Encoded in gene segments Rearrangement required

Receptor agonists

Molecular patterns

Antigenic epitopes

Time delay of response

Immediate

Delayed

Effector mechanism

Opsonization, phagocytosis, granuloma formation, leukocyte recruitment, complement lysis, inflammation, healing responses

Clonal expansion of antigen-specific B and T cells, antigen-specific immunoglobulins

pdigmatic kidney diseases

Urinary tract infection, acute kidney injury, glomerulosclerosis, tubulointerstitial fibrosis, crystal nephropathies C3 glomerulopathy

IC glomerulonephritis, allograft rejection, interstitial nephritis

  1. IC immune complex.