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Table 3 Side-effects of medications

From: Efficacy and safety of lanthanum carbonate on chronic kidney disease–mineral and bone disorder in dialysis patients: a systematic review

 

Fixed-effects model

Random-effects model

Heterogeneity

 

RR (95% CI)

P value

RR (95% CI)

P value

P value

I2 (%)

Vomiting

1.06 [0.91, 1.23]

0.45

1.22 [0.81, 1.84]

0.33

0.04

54%

  LC vs Placebo

2.35 [0.95, 5.80]

0.06

1.87 [0.55, 6.37]

0.32

0.22

32%

  LC vs CBBs

1.51 [1.08, 2.12]

0.02

1.51 [1.08, 2.11]

0.02

0.37

0%

  LC vs previous phosphate binders

0.90 [0.76, 1.06]

0.20

0.90 [0.76, 1.06]

0.20

-

-

Diarrhea

0.79 [0.68, 0.93]

0.003

0.69 [0.40, 1.18]

0.17

0.001

70%

  LC vs Placebo

0.31 [0.15, 0.65]

0.002

0.29 [0.14, 0.62]

0.001

0.53

0%

  LC vs CBBs

1.29 [0.84, 1.98]

0.24

1.29 [0.84, 1.98]

0.24

-

-

  LC vs previous phosphate binders

0.75 [0.63, 0.90]

0.001

0.75 [0.63, 0.90]

0.001

-

-

Nausea

1.03 [0.91, 1.17]

0.61

1.25 [0.85, 1.84]

0.26

0.06

52%

  LC vs Placebo

2.06 [0.82, 5.16]

0.12

1.60 [0.49, 5.16]

0.43

0.26

27%

  LC vs CBBs

1.42 [1.01, 2.01]

0.05

1.80 [0.70, 4.64]

0.22

0.09

66%

  LC vs previous phosphate binders

0.93 [0.81, 1.07]

0.32

0.93 [0.81, 1.07]

0.32

-

-

Constipation

0.72 [0.46, 1.12]

0.14

0.70 [0.36, 1.35]

0.29

0.23

31%

Hypercalcaemia

0.10 [0.06, 0.16]

<0.00001

0.12 [0.04, 0.38]

0.0002

0.009

71%

  LC vs CBBs

Intradialytichypotension

0.70 [0.58, 0.85]

0.0004

0.72 [0.54, 0.96]

0.03

0.28

21%

  LC vs Placebo

3.10 [0.34, 28.17]

0.31

3.10 [0.34, 28.17]

0.31

-

-

  LC vs CBBs

0.83 [0.51, 1.36]

0.47

0.83 [0.51, 1.36]

0.47

-

-

  LC vs previous phosphate binders

0.66 [0.53, 0.82]

0.0002

0.66 [0.53, 0.82]

0.0002

-

-

Cramps or Myalgia

0.81 [0.68, 0.97]

0.02

0.83 [0.65, 1.07]

0.15

0.32

13%

  LC vs Placebo

1.29 [0.38, 4.35]

0.68

1.29 [0.38, 4.35]

0.68

-

-

  LC vs CBBs

1.12 [0.64, 1.95]

0.69

1.12 [0.64, 1.95]

0.69

-

-

  LC vs NCBs

0.76 [0.63, 0.92]

0.005

0.76 [0.63, 0.92]

0.005

-

-

Abdominal pain

0.75 [0.61, 0.92]

0.006

0.74 [0.60, 0.91]

0.004

0.64

0%

  LC vs Placebo

2.14 [0.40, 11.44]

0.37

1.93 [0.35, 10.55]

0.45

0.56

0%

  LC vs CBBs

0.60 [0.18, 2.00]

0.40

0.60 [0.18, 2.00]

0.40

-

-

  LC vs previous phosphate binders

0.73 [0.59, 0.91]

0.004

0.73 [0.59, 0.91]

0.004

-

-

Bronchitis

0.82 [0.66, 1.03]

0.08

0.82 [0.66, 1.03]

0.08

0.97

0%

Dyspepsia

0.24 [0.09, 0.61]

0.003

0.21 [0.04, 1.17]

0.007

0.13

52%

  LC vs Placebo

Rhinitis

1.20 [0.69, 2.08]

0.52

1.20 [0.69, 2.08]

0.52

0.64

0%

Pruritus

4.04 [0.56, 29.27]

0.17

3.84 [0.48, 30.48]

0.20

0.55

0%

  LC vs Placebo

Dialysis complication

0.68 [0.39, 1.17]

0.16

0.67 [0.38, 1.16]

0.15

0.39

0%

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