Table 4 Predictors of all-cause mortality in the study population

Serum sodium level

 Categorical model

 <138.0 mEq/L

2.06 (1.15–3.66)

0.014

1.57 (0.85–2.87)

0.148

 138.0 – 140.0 mEq/L

0.94 (0.49–1.81)

0.853

0.97 (0.50–1.89)

0.938

 >140.0 mEq/L

1 (ref)

1 (ref)

 Continuous model (per 1 mEq/L)

0.87 (0.81–0.95)

0.001

0.91 (0.83–1.00)

0.049

Age (per 5 years)

1.40 (1.25–1.57)

<0.001

1.24 (1.08–1.41)

0.002

Female (vs male)

0.76 (0.46–1.28)

0.302

Body mass index (per 1 kg/m²)

0.88 (0.81–0.95)

0.001

Smoking history

1.32 (0.81–2.13)

0.267

Inability to ambulate or transfer

4.13 (2.32–7.36)

<0.001

1.44 (0.69–2.99)

0.328

Comorbid conditions

 Diabetes mellitus

2.80 (1.73–4.54)

<0.001

1.98 (1.17–3.36)

0.011

 Hypertension

1.66 (0.52–5.30)

0.388

 Cardiovascular disease

2.36 (1.47–3.80)

<0.001

1.65 (0.98–2.76)

0.059

 Peripheral vascular disease

3.84 (1.90–7.75)

<0.001

1.89 (0.88–4.06)

0.104

 Cerebrovascular disease

2.07 (1.18–3.63)

0.011

 Chronic liver disease

1.63 (0.85–3.10)

0.140

 Cancer

2.82 (1.65–4.84)

<0.001

2.49 (1.39–4.46)

0.002

Dialysis vintage (per 12 months)

0.99 (0.95–1.02)

0.357

IDWL (per 1% of body weight)

1.02 (0.85–1.23)

0.824

Vascular access

 Fistula

1 (ref)

 Graft or catheter

2.14 (1.20–3.79)

0.010

Laboratory data

 Hemoglobin (per 1 g/dL)

0.82 (0.62–1.07)

0.140

 Serum albumin (per 1 g/dL)

0.16 (0.08–0.32)

<0.001

0.65 (0.24–1.74)

0.388

 Serum creatinine (per 1 mg/dL)

0.76 (0.69–0.83)

<0.001

0.93 (0.81–1.06)

0.272

 Serum β2-microglobulin (per 5 mg/dL)

1.26 (1.03–1.54)

0.027