Table 3 The three definitions of hyporesponsiveness
Monthly EPO dose | Monthly EPO dose/patient weight in kg | Resistance index* | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hyporesponsiveness type | None | Chronic | Non-chronic | Any | None | Chronic | Non-chronic | Any | None | Chronic | Non-chronic | Any |
n | 111,422 | 6248 | 21,018 | 27,266 | 110,767 | 5905 | 22,016 | 27,921 | 110,022 | 5761 | 22,905 | 28,666 |
Sex | ||||||||||||
Men | 51.6 | 54.7 | 52.0 | 52.6 | 52.9 | 48.3 | 47.3 | 47.5 | 51.6 | 55.0 | 51.7 | 52.4 |
Women | 48.4 | 45.3 | 48.0 | 47.4 | 47.1 | 51.7 | 52.7 | 52.5 | 48.4 | 45.0 | 48.3 | 47.6 |
Race | ||||||||||||
White | 52.6 | 46.2 | 46.5 | 46.4 | 52.5 | 45.8 | 47.2 | 46.9 | 52.6 | 46.4 | 46.7 | 46.6 |
African American | 40.5 | 49.8 | 48.8 | 49.1 | 40.9 | 48.4 | 46.7 | 47.0 | 40.5 | 49.6 | 48.4 | 48.6 |
Other | 6.9 | 3.9 | 4.7 | 4.5 | 6.5 | 5.9 | 6.2 | 6.1 | 6.9 | 4.0 | 4.9 | 4.7 |
Age, years | ||||||||||||
< 40 | 7.5 | 12.9 | 10.1 | 10.7 | 7.5 | 13.7 | 9.8 | 10.6 | 7.4 | 13.3 | 10.1 | 10.7 |
40 to 64 | 42.7 | 54.9 | 49.6 | 50.8 | 43.7 | 49.2 | 45.8 | 46.5 | 42.7 | 54.8 | 49.2 | 50.3 |
65 to 74 | 25.5 | 19.8 | 23.4 | 22.6 | 25.3 | 20.5 | 23.8 | 23.1 | 25.4 | 19.4 | 23.7 | 22.8 |
≥ 75 | 24.4 | 12.5 | 16.9 | 15.9 | 23.5 | 16.6 | 20.5 | 19.7 | 24.5 | 12.5 | 17.0 | 16.1 |
Cause of renal failure | ||||||||||||
Diabetes | 45.3 | 38.7 | 44.6 | 43.3 | 46.3 | 32.4 | 41.3 | 39.4 | 45.3 | 38.3 | 44.5 | 43.3 |
Hypertension | 29.6 | 27.8 | 28.4 | 28.3 | 29.2 | 29.6 | 29.9 | 29.8 | 29.6 | 27.7 | 28.5 | 28.3 |
Glomerulonephritis | 10.0 | 12.2 | 10.6 | 10.9 | 9.9 | 13.2 | 10.8 | 11.3 | 10.2 | 10.0 | 12.1 | 10.5 |
Cystic kidney disease | 2.2 | 2.1 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.1 |
Other | 13.0 | 19.3 | 14.5 | 15.6 | 12.5 | 22.6 | 16.0 | 17.4 | 13.5 | 12.9 | 19.8 | 14.4 |
Dialysis duration, years | ||||||||||||
< 1 | 9.8 | 7.7 | 8.9 | 8.6 | 9.8 | 7.5 | 8.8 | 8.5 | 9.8 | 7.9 | 8.9 | 8.7 |
1 to < 3 | 33.5 | 26.3 | 29.7 | 29.0 | 33.9 | 24.2 | 28.6 | 27.7 | 33.5 | 26.4 | 30.0 | 29.3 |
3 to < 5 | 23.6 | 23.2 | 23.5 | 23.4 | 23.8 | 21.2 | 23.1 | 22.7 | 23.6 | 22.9 | 23.5 | 23.4 |
≥ 5 | 33.1 | 42.8 | 37.9 | 39.0 | 32.5 | 47.0 | 39.5 | 41.1 | 33.1 | 42.9 | 37.5 | 38.6 |
Average BMI, kg/m 2 | ||||||||||||
< 18.5 | 3.6 | 3.3 | 4.0 | 3.8 | 2.8 | 8.3 | 6.9 | 7.2 | 3.6 | 3.5 | 4.1 | 4.0 |
≥ 18.5 and < 25 | 35.2 | 30.4 | 34.5 | 33.6 | 32.2 | 47.2 | 44.7 | 45.2 | 35.1 | 31.1 | 34.8 | 34.1 |
≥ 25 and < 30 | 28.9 | 25.6 | 27.4 | 27.0 | 29.2 | 25.1 | 26.2 | 26.0 | 28.9 | 25.9 | 27.2 | 26.9 |
≥ 30 | 32.3 | 40.7 | 34.1 | 35.6 | 35.8 | 19.4 | 22.1 | 21.5 | 32.4 | 39.5 | 33.9 | 35.0 |
Antecedent comorbid conditions | ||||||||||||
ASHD | 20.4 | 26.0 | 29.0 | 28.3 | 20.3 | 26.8 | 29.1 | 28.6 | 20.3 | 25.9 | 28.7 | 28.1 |
CHF | 17.2 | 29.9 | 29.1 | 29.3 | 17.0 | 30.7 | 29.6 | 29.8 | 17.1 | 29.9 | 28.8 | 29.0 |
CVA/TIA | 6.9 | 7.5 | 10.0 | 9.5 | 6.7 | 8.7 | 10.5 | 10.1 | 6.9 | 7.6 | 9.9 | 9.4 |
PVD | 14.8 | 23.1 | 23.6 | 23.5 | 14.9 | 22.7 | 23.3 | 23.2 | 14.8 | 23.4 | 23.3 | 23.3 |
Other cardiac disease | 10.6 | 20.3 | 19.5 | 19.7 | 10.4 | 21.8 | 20.0 | 20.4 | 10.6 | 20.4 | 19.0 | 19.3 |
COPD | 7.3 | 13.2 | 12.8 | 12.9 | 7.2 | 13.6 | 12.9 | 13.0 | 7.3 | 13.4 | 12.6 | 12.8 |
GI bleeding | 2.5 | 7.2 | 6.1 | 6.4 | 2.4 | 8.0 | 6.4 | 6.7 | 2.5 | 7.6 | 6.1 | 6.4 |
Liver disease | 5.2 | 7.4 | 6.6 | 6.8 | 5.2 | 7.7 | 6.5 | 6.8 | 5.2 | 7.6 | 6.6 | 6.8 |
Dysrhythmia | 12.4 | 19.1 | 19.0 | 19.0 | 12.2 | 20.0 | 19.1 | 19.3 | 12.4 | 19.3 | 18.6 | 18.7 |
Cancer | 3.6 | 7.2 | 5.6 | 6.0 | 3.5 | 8.0 | 5.6 | 6.1 | 3.6 | 7.6 | 5.5 | 5.9 |
Diabetes | 48.9 | 49.2 | 53.6 | 52.6 | 49.8 | 43.6 | 50.4 | 49.0 | 48.9 | 49.3 | 53.6 | 52.7 |
Concurrent comorbid conditions | ||||||||||||
ASHD | 28.4 | 32.9 | 38.4 | 37.2 | 28.3 | 33.6 | 38.4 | 37.4 | 28.3 | 33.2 | 38.4 | 37.3 |
CHF | 24.6 | 38.9 | 40.4 | 40.1 | 24.3 | 40.2 | 40.9 | 40.7 | 24.4 | 39.9 | 40.0 | 40.0 |
CVA/TIA | 10.2 | 10.5 | 14.6 | 13.7 | 9.9 | 11.9 | 15.5 | 14.7 | 10.1 | 10.7 | 14.6 | 13.8 |
PVD | 22.8 | 30.3 | 33.7 | 32.9 | 22.8 | 30.5 | 33.6 | 32.9 | 22.6 | 31.1 | 33.7 | 33.2 |
Other cardiac disease | 17.2 | 28.3 | 30.0 | 29.6 | 16.9 | 30.9 | 30.6 | 30.7 | 17.0 | 29.2 | 29.9 | 29.8 |
COPD | 11.1 | 18.2 | 18.4 | 18.3 | 11.0 | 18.1 | 18.5 | 18.4 | 11.0 | 19.1 | 18.2 | 18.4 |
GI bleeding | 4.1 | 10.6 | 10.1 | 10.2 | 4.0 | 11.9 | 10.2 | 10.6 | 4.0 | 11.4 | 10.2 | 10.4 |
Liver disease | 6.0 | 8.9 | 7.9 | 8.1 | 5.9 | 9.4 | 7.9 | 8.2 | 6.0 | 9.3 | 7.7 | 8.0 |
Dysrhythmia | 18.1 | 25.1 | 27.1 | 26.6 | 18.0 | 26.8 | 27.1 | 27.0 | 18.0 | 25.8 | 26.8 | 26.6 |
Cancer | 5.0 | 9.9 | 7.4 | 8.0 | 4.9 | 10.6 | 7.8 | 8.4 | 5.0 | 10.5 | 7.4 | 8.0 |
Diabetes | 56.7 | 55.6 | 60.8 | 59.6 | 57.7 | 49.3 | 57.5 | 55.8 | 56.6 | 55.5 | 60.8 | 59.7 |
Number of vascular access complication | ||||||||||||
0 | 61.9 | 64.0 | 53.0 | 55.5 | 63.7 | 56.1 | 54.5 | 54.8 | 64.2 | 55.1 | 53.0 | 53.4 |
1-3 | 19.9 | 19.1 | 23.3 | 22.4 | 19.2 | 21.9 | 22.7 | 22.5 | 19.1 | 21.8 | 23.2 | 22.9 |
≥ 4 | 18.2 | 16.9 | 23.7 | 22.1 | 17.0 | 22.0 | 22.9 | 22.7 | 16.7 | 23.1 | 23.8 | 23.7 |
Average iron dose per month, mg | ||||||||||||
Non-users | 16.2 | 13.0 | 10.1 | 10.7 | 16.0 | 14.2 | 11.1 | 11.8 | 16.2 | 13.5 | 10.4 | 11.0 |
< 233 | 23.0 | 11.4 | 14.2 | 13.5 | 22.9 | 12.4 | 14.9 | 14.3 | 23.1 | 11.4 | 14.4 | 13.8 |
≥ 233 and < 360 | 21.5 | 16.6 | 20.1 | 19.3 | 21.5 | 17.1 | 20.2 | 19.5 | 21.5 | 16.4 | 20.3 | 19.5 |
≥ 360 and < 460 | 20.5 | 20.9 | 22.9 | 22.5 | 20.6 | 20.7 | 22.3 | 21.9 | 20.6 | 20.4 | 22.5 | 22.1 |
≥ 460 | 18.8 | 38.1 | 32.7 | 34.0 | 19.1 | 35.5 | 31.6 | 32.4 | 18.7 | 38.3 | 32.4 | 33.6 |
IV antibiotic use | ||||||||||||
No | 76.9 | 79.6 | 66.5 | 69.5 | 79.4 | 66.3 | 67.5 | 67.2 | 79.7 | 64.9 | 66.5 | 66.2 |
Yes | 23.1 | 20.5 | 33.5 | 30.5 | 20.6 | 33.7 | 32.5 | 32.8 | 20.3 | 35.1 | 33.5 | 33.8 |
Number of hospital admissions | ||||||||||||
0 | 63.3 | 68.3 | 42.1 | 48.1 | 68.6 | 43.6 | 42.0 | 42.3 | 68.7 | 43.5 | 42.2 | 42.5 |
1 | 20.8 | 19.4 | 26.4 | 24.8 | 19.4 | 26.2 | 26.7 | 26.6 | 19.3 | 26.7 | 26.7 | 26.7 |
≥ 2 | 15.9 | 12.3 | 31.5 | 27.1 | 12.1 | 30.2 | 31.4 | 31.1 | 12.0 | 29.8 | 31.2 | 30.9 |
Number of hospitalization days | ||||||||||||
0 | 63.3 | 68.3 | 42.1 | 48.1 | 68.6 | 43.6 | 42.0 | 42.3 | 68.7 | 43.5 | 42.2 | 42.5 |
1-7 | 18.4 | 17.3 | 22.1 | 21.0 | 17.3 | 23.8 | 22.2 | 22.5 | 17.2 | 24.1 | 22.4 | 22.7 |
≥ 8 | 18.4 | 14.4 | 35.8 | 30.9 | 14.1 | 32.6 | 35.8 | 35.1 | 14.1 | 32.4 | 35.4 | 34.8 |
Infectious hospitalizations | ||||||||||||
No | 88.2 | 90.6 | 78.0 | 80.9 | 90.7 | 79.1 | 78.2 | 78.4 | 90.8 | 78.9 | 78.3 | 78.4 |
Yes | 11.8 | 9.4 | 22.0 | 19.1 | 9.3 | 20.9 | 21.8 | 21.6 | 9.2 | 21.1 | 21.7 | 21.6 |
Dialysis provider | ||||||||||||
Non-profit | 14.0 | 14.7 | 11.2 | 12.0 | 14.6 | 13.0 | 11.6 | 11.9 | 14.6 | 12.5 | 11.7 | 11.9 |
For profit | 85.0 | 84.4 | 87.5 | 86.8 | 84.5 | 85.8 | 87.1 | 86.8 | 84.5 | 86.4 | 87.0 | 86.9 |
Unknown | 1.0 | 0.9 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 0.9 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 0.9 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.3 |
Region | ||||||||||||
Northeast | 15.7 | 15.7 | 15.4 | 15.5 | 15.6 | 15.6 | 15.9 | 15.8 | 15.8 | 15.3 | 15.3 | 15.3 |
Midwest | 19.1 | 19.4 | 17.5 | 17.9 | 19.5 | 17.5 | 17.2 | 17.3 | 19.4 | 19.0 | 17.8 | 18.0 |
South | 45.2 | 43.7 | 51.7 | 49.8 | 44.0 | 49.4 | 50.3 | 50.1 | 43.7 | 50.2 | 51.4 | 51.2 |
West | 17.2 | 18.3 | 12.9 | 14.2 | 18.0 | 14.8 | 14.1 | 14.2 | 18.3 | 12.9 | 13.1 | 13.1 |
Unknown | 2.8 | 2.9 | 2.5 | 2.6 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.4 | 2.5 | 2.9 | 2.6 | 2.5 | 2.5 |