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Table 4 Adjusted odds ratios for hyporesponsiveness

From: Comparison of methodologies to define hemodialysis patients hyporesponsive to epoetin and impact on counts and characteristics

 

Monthly EPO dose

Monthly EPO dose/patient weight in kg

Resistance index*

 

Odds ratio (95% CI)

P

Odds ratio (95% CI)

Odds ratio (95% CI)

P

Sex

Men

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

Women

1.08 (1.04-1.11)

< 0.0001

1.49 (1.44-1.54)

< 0.0001

1.08 (1.05-1.11)

< 0.0001

Race

White

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

African American

1.11 (1.07-1.15)

< 0.0001

1.07 (1.03-1.11)

< 0.0001

1.10 (1.06-1.14)

< 0.0001

Other

1.01 (0.94-1.08)

0.89

1.22 (1.15-1.30)

< 0.0001

1.04 (0.97-1.12)

0.23

Age- years

< 40

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

40 to 64

0.87 (0.82-0.92)

< 0.0001

0.85 (0.81-0.90)

< 0.0001

0.86 (0.81-0.91)

< 0.0001

65 to 74

0.68 (0.64-0.73)

< 0.0001

0.73 (0.68-0.77)

< 0.0001

0.69 (0.65-0.73)

< 0.0001

≥ 75

0.54 (0.51-0.58)

< 0.0001

0.61 (0.57-0.65)

< 0.0001

0.54 (0.51-0.57)

< 0.0001

Cause of renal failure

Diabetes

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

s

Hypertension

1.11 (1.06-1.16)

< 0.0001

1.12 (1.07-1.17)

< 0.0001

1.12 (1.07-1.17)

< 0.0001

Glomerulonephritis

1.20 (1.13-1.28)

< 0.0001

1.18 (1.11-1.25)

< 0.0001

1.22 (1.15-1.30)

< 0.0001

Cystic kidney disease

1.05 (0.94-1.18)

0.3771

1.03 (0.93-1.15)

0.5768

1.07 (0.96-1.20)

0.2223

Other

1.40 (1.32-1.47)

< 0.0001

1.44 (1.36-1.52)

< 0.0001

1.40 (1.33-1.48)

< 0.0001

Dialysis duration- years

< 1

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

1 to < 3

1.13 (1.06-1.19)

< 0.0001

1.05 (0.99-1.11)

0.10

1.13 (1.07-1.19)

< 0.0001

3 to < 5

1.36 (1.29-1.45)

< 0.0001

1.28 (1.21-1.36)

< 0.0001

1.34 (1.27-1.42)

< 0.0001

≥ 5

1.60 (1.51-1.70)

< 0.0001

1.57 (1.48-1.66)

< 0.0001

1.56 (1.47-1.65)

< 0.0001

Average BMI- kg/m 2

< 18.5

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

≥ 18.5 and < 25

0.97 (0.90-1.05)

0.48

0.56 (0.52-0.60)

< 0.0001

0.94 (0.87-1.02)

0.12

≥ 25 and < 30

0.99 (0.91-1.07)

0.73

0.35 (0.32-0.37)

< 0.0001

0.94 (0.86-1.02)

0.12

≥ 30

1.05 (0.97-1.14)

0.23

0.20 (0.18-0.21)

< 0.0001

0.99 (0.91-1.07)

0.79

Antecedent comorbid conditions

ASHD

1.08 (1.04-1.13)

0.0002

1.11 (1.06-1.15)

< 0.0001

1.08 (1.04-1.13)

0.0002

CHF

1.23 (1.18-1.28)

< 0.0001

1.24 (1.19-1.29)

< 0.0001

1.24 (1.19-1.29)

< 0.0001

CVA/TIA

1.05 (0.99-1.11)

0.09

1.07 (1.01-1.13)

0.02

1.05 (0.99-1.11)

0.12

PVD

1.25 (1.20-1.30)

< 0.0001

1.21 (1.17-1.26)

< 0.0001

1.24 (1.19-1.29)

< 0.0001

Other cardiac disease

1.25 (1.20-1.31)

< 0.0001

1.27 (1.21-1.32)

< 0.0001

1.21 (1.16-1.26)

< 0.0001

COPD

1.18 (1.12-1.25)

< 0.0001

1.16 (1.10-1.23)

< 0.0001

1.16 (1.10-1.23)

< 0.0001

GI bleeding

1.51 (1.40-1.62)

< 0.0001

1.62 (1.51-1.74)

< 0.0001

1.56 (1.45-1.68)

< 0.0001

Liver disease

1.17 (1.07-1.28)

0.00

1.13 (1.04-1.24)

0.01

1.19 (1.09-1.30)

< 0.0001

Dysrhythmia

1.16 (1.10-1.21)

< 0.0001

1.15 (1.09-1.20)

< 0.0001

1.14 (1.09-1.19)

< 0.0001

Cancer

1.45 (1.33-1.57)

< 0.0001

1.36 (1.26-1.48)

< 0.0001

1.43 (1.32-1.55)

< 0.0001

Diabetes

1.07 (1.02-1.13)

0.00

1.06 (1.01-1.11)

0.02

1.09 (1.04-1.14)

0.00

Concurrent comorbid conditions

ASHD

0.94 (0.90-0.97)

0.00

0.93 (0.90-0.97)

0.00

0.94 (0.90-0.97)

0.00

CHF

1.12 (1.08-1.17)

< 0.0001

1.14 (1.09-1.18)

< 0.0001

1.10 (1.06-1.15)

< 0.0001

CVA/TIA

0.94 (0.90-0.99)

0.02

0.99 (0.94-1.04)

0.59

0.94 (0.89-0.99)

0.01

PVD

1.02 (0.98-1.06)

0.25

1.03 (1.00-1.07)

0.08

1.03 (1.00-1.07)

0.09

Other cardiac disease

1.14 (1.10-1.18)

< 0.0001

1.16 (1.12-1.20)

< 0.0001

1.15 (1.10-1.19)

< 0.0001

COPD

1.04 (0.99-1.09)

0.15

1.01 (0.96-1.06)

0.63

1.04 (1.00-1.09)

0.08

GI bleeding

1.45 (1.36-1.53)

< 0.0001

1.44 (1.35-1.52)

< 0.0001

1.50 (1.41-1.59)

< 0.0001

Liver disease

1.05 (0.97-1.14)

0.24

1.09 (1.01-1.19)

0.03

1.01 (0.93-1.09)

0.86

Dysrhythmia

1.03 (0.98-1.07)

0.21

1.00 (0.96-1.04)

0.87

1.02 (0.98-1.07)

0.31

Cancer

1.32 (1.23-1.42)

< 0.0001

1.36 (1.27-1.47)

< 0.0001

1.32 (1.23-1.41)

< 0.0001

Diabetes

1.02 (0.97-1.07)

0.38

0.98 (0.93-1.03)

0.39

1.02 (0.98-1.07)

0.35

Number of vascular access complication

0

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

1-3

1.10 (1.06-1.15)

< 0.0001

1.07 (1.03-1.11)

0.0005

1.10 (1.06-1.14)

< 0.0001

≥ 4

1.15 (1.10-1.20)

< 0.0001

1.13 (1.08-1.17)

< 0.0001

1.16 (1.11-1.21)

< 0.0001

Average iron dose per month- mg

Non-users

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

< 233

1.00 (0.94-1.06)

0.9360

0.97 (0.92-1.03)

0.3598

0.97 (0.91-1.02)

0.2483

≥ 233 and < 360

1.31 (1.23-1.38)

< 0.0001

1.25 (1.18-1.32)

< 0.0001

1.28 (1.21-1.35)

< 0.0001

≥ 360 and < 460

1.55 (1.47-1.64)

< 0.0001

1.45 (1.38-1.53)

< 0.0001

1.48 (1.40-1.56)

< 0.0001

≥ 460

2.36 (2.24-2.50)

< 0.0001

2.19 (2.07-2.31)

< 0.0001

2.27 (2.15-2.39)

< 0.0001

IV antibiotic use

No

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

Yes

1.26 (1.22-1.31)

< 0.0001

1.26 (1.22-1.31)

< 0.0001

1.26 (1.22-1.31)

< 0.0001

Number of hospital admissions

0

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

1

1.49 (1.43-1.56)

< 0.0001

1.51 (1.45-1.58)

< 0.0001

1.54 (1.48-1.60)

< 0.0001

≥ 2

1.88 (1.77-1.98)

< 0.0001

1.91 (1.81-2.02)

< 0.0001

1.95 (1.84-2.06)

< 0.0001

Infectious hospitalizations

No

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

Yes

1.10 (1.05-1.15)

< 0.0001

1.13 (1.08-1.18)

< 0.0001

1.10 (1.05-1.15)

< 0.0001

Dialysis provider

Non-profit

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

For profit

1.19 (1.10-1.28)

< 0.0001

1.19 (1.10-1.28)

< 0.0001

1.18 (1.09-1.27)

< 0.0001

Unknown

1.56 (1.33-1.83)

< 0.0001

1.57 (1.34-1.85)

< 0.0001

1.49 (1.27-1.75)

< 0.0001

Region

Northeast

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

Midwest

0.89 (0.85-0.94)

< 0.0001

0.88 (0.84-0.93)

< 0.0001

0.92 (0.87-0.97)

0.0013

South

1.16 (1.11-1.21)

< 0.0001

1.14 (1.09-1.19)

< 0.0001

1.17 (1.12-1.23)

< 0.0001

West

0.80 (0.75-0.84)

< 0.0001

0.83 (0.79-0.88)

< 0.0001

0.81 (0.77-0.86)

< 0.0001

Unknown

0.91 (0.82-1.00)

0.0576

0.90 (0.82-1.00)

0.0401

0.88 (0.80-0.97)

0.0116

  1. ASHD, atherosclerotic heart disease; BMI, body mass index; CHF, congestive heart failure; CI, confidence interval; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CVA/TIA, cerebrovascular accident/transient ischemic attack; EPO, erythropoietin; GI, gastrointestinal; IV, intravenous; PVD, peripheral vascular disease.
  2. *Monthly EPO dose divided by patient hemoglobin level.
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