Table 3 Clinical characteristics of diabetic patients with any degree of CKD compared with diabetics with no CKD
From: Prevalence of chronic kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes in Spain: PERCEDIME2 study
|  | no CKD | CKD 1‘a’ | CKD 2 | CKD 3A | CKD 3B | CKD 4-5 | P‘b’ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
FG ≥ 60 | FG ≥ 90 | FG 89-60 | FG 59-45 | FG 44-30 | FG < 30 | ||
ACR < 30 | ACR ≥ 30 | CAC ≥ 30 | |||||
N = 1145 (%) | 826 (72.1) | 40 (3.5) | 73 (6.4) | 133 (11.6) | 60 (5.2) | 13 (1.2) |  |
Age (years) | 64.9 ± 10.8 | 62.8 ± 10.7 | 67.6 ± 11.1 | 74.4 ± 8.6 | 75.2 ± 10.0 | 73.6 ± 10.6 | 0.001 |
Gender (Men) (n%) | 511 (61.9) | 25 (62.5) | 47 (64.4) | 63 (47.4) | 36 (60.0) | 7 (53.8) | 0.053 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 30.1 ± 5.2 | 30.4 ± 4.4 | 30.4 ± 5.3 | 30.7 ± 5.1 | 30.9 ± 6.0 | 30.1 ± 5.1 | 0.985 |
Abdominal waist circumference (cm) | 99.8 ± 16.5 | 101.7 ± 11.7 | 99.4 ± 19.3 | 99.8 ± 19.8 | 100.4 ± 19.1 | 105.5 ± 14.1 | 0.950 |
Smoking (n%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
  Yes | 118 (14.3) | 12 (30.0) | 13 (17.8) | 8 (6.0) | 5 (8.3) | 2 (15.4) | 0.025 |
  Ex-smoker | 239 (28.9) | 11 (27.5) | 22 (30.1) | 50 (37.6) | 19 (31.7) | 4 (30.8) |  |
  Never | 469 (56.8) | 17 (42.5) | 38 (52.1) | 75 (56.4) | 36 (60.0) | 7 (53.8) |  |
HbA1C (%) | 7.2 ± 1.2 | 7.8 ± 1.6 | 7.7 ± 1.3 | 7.1 ± 1.2 | 7.0 ± 1.0 | 7.9 ± 1.9 | 0.001 |
Duration of DM (years) | 8.5 ± 6.5 | 9.5 ± 6.6 | 9.7 ± 7.4 | 11.1 ± 8.5 | 11.0 ± 6.9 | 11.7 ± 8.7 | 0.386 |
Glycaemia (mmol/L) | 8.05 ± 3.20 | 8.84± 3.23 | 9.00± 2.79 | 7.90± 2.63 | 7.48± 2.98 | 7.88 ± 3.40 | 0.002 |
Hypertension (n%) | 578 (70.0) | 32 (80.0) | 60 (82.2) | 121 (91.0) | 56 (93.3) | 13 (100) | 0.001 |
Systolic Blood Pressure (mmHg) | 134.0 ± 12.5 | 136.9 ± 15.9 | 136.6 ± 15.1 | 135.9 ± 14.2 | 134.2 ± 14.1 | 134.5 ± 16.9 | 0.610 |
Diastolic Blood Pressure (mmHg) | 77.8 ± 8.7 | 79.3 ± 9.9 | 76.3 ± 9.6 | 74.2 ± 10.0 | 72.8 ± 8.8 | 71.7 ± 6.6 | 0.003 |
Dyslipidaemia (n%) | 555 (67.2) | 27 (67.5) | 52 (71.2) | 97 (72.9) | 37 (61.7) | 8 (61.5) | 0.638 |
Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.75 ± 0.95 | 4.94 ± 1.12 | 4.78 ± 0.99 | 4.59 ± 0.89 | 4.65 ± 1.11 | 4.30 ± 0.91 | 0.113 |
LDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 2.81 ± 0.81 | 2.95 ± 1.00 | 2.76 ± 0.79 | 2.67 ± 0.85 | 2.64 ± 0.94 | 2.21 ± 0.56 | 0.082 |
non-HDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 3.50 ± 0.91 | 3.75± 1.07 | 3.60 ± 1.01 | 3.31 ± 0.91 | 3.45 ± 1.08 | 3.22 ± 0.94 | 0.064 |
HDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.24 ± 0.33 | 1.19 ± 0.33 | 1.18 ± 0.26 | 1.28 ± 0.43 | 1.17 ± 0.34 | 1.07 ± 0.25 | 0.244 |
Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 1.63 ± 0.94 | 1.88 ± 0.94 | 1.89 ± 1.21 | 1.76 ± 1.03 | 1.90 ± 0.96 | 2.17 ± 1.07 | 0.477 |
Plasmatic creatinine (mg/dl) | 0.8 ± 0.1 | 0.6 ± 0.1 | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 1.1 ± 0.1 | 1.5 ± 0.2 | 2.3 ± 0.5 | 0.001 |