Table 2 Associations between presence of anti-C1q autoantibodies, levels of C1q and clinical parameters of patients with lupus nephritis

Demographic data

Number of patients (%)

93/218(42.7%)

125/218(57.3%)

75/218(34.4%)

143/218(65.6%)

Gender (male/female)

14/79

19/106

NS

12/63

21/122

NS

Age (mean ± SD) (years)

31.27 ± 9.96

33.47 ± 11.21

NS

34.15 ± 10.92

31.69 ± 11.40

NS

Clinical and laboratory data

Fever (non-infectious) No.(%)

31(33.3%)

38(30.4%)

NS

19(25.3%)

50(35.0%)

NS

Malar rash No.(%)

51(54,8%)

67(53,6%)

NS

42(56.0%)

76(53.1%)

NS

Photosensitivity No.(%)

20(21.5%)

27(21.6%)

NS

16(21.3%)

31(21.7%)

NS

Oral ulcer No.(%)

28(30.1%)

38(30.4%)

NS

20(26.7%)

44(30.8%)

NS

Alopecia No.(%)

30(32.3%)

38(30.4%)

NS

26(34.7%)

42(29.4%)

NS

Arthralgia No.(%)

60(64.5%)

55(44.0%)

0.003

36(45.6%)

79(55.2%)

NS

Serositis No.(%)

13(14.0%)

21(16.8%)

NS

10(13.3%)

24(16.8%)

NS

Neurologic disorder No.(%)

7(7.5%)

7(5.6%)

NS

1(1.3%)

13(9.1%)

NS

Anemia No.(%)

73(78.5%)

74(59.2%)

0.003

41(54.7%)

106(74.1%)

0.004

Leukocytopenia No.(%)

49(52.7%)

53(42.4%)

NS

23(30.7%)

79(55.2%)

NS

Thrombocytopenia No.(%)

26(28.0%)

38(30.4%)

NS

19(25.3%)

45(31.5%)

NS

Hematuria No.(%)

79(36.2%)

89(40.8%)

0.017

51(68.0%)

117(81.8%)

0.021

Leukocyturia No.(%)

55(25.2%)

63(28.9)

NS

34(45.3%)

84(58.7%)

NS

Acute kidney injury No.(%)

18(8.3%)

21(9.6%)

NS

13(17.3%)

26(18.2%)

NS

Hemoglobin (mean ± SD.) (g/l)

96.30 ± 25.78

104.36 ± 26.36

0.025

102.89 ± 31.52

99.89 ± 23.27

NS

Urine protein (mean ± SD) (g/24 hours)

4.42 ± 3.05

5.40 ± 3.39

NS

5.64 ± 3.70

4.64 ± 3.00

0.045

C3 (mean ± SD) (g/l)

0.39 ± 0.19

0.50 ± 0.25

<0.001

0.60 ± 0.25

0.37 ± 0.17

<0.001

Anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) (+) No.(%)

92(98.9%)

123(98.4%)

NS

73(97.3%)

142(99.3%)

NS

Anti-double stranded DNA antibody (ds-DNA) (+) No.(%)

71(76.3%)

82(65.6%)

NS

43(57.3%)

110(76.9%)

0.003

Anti-SSA antibody (+) No.(%)

45(48.4%)

57(45.6%)

NS

43(57.3%)

59(41.3%)

NS

Anti-SSB antibody (+) No.(%)

8(8.6%)

17(13.6%)

NS

9(12.0%)

16(11.2%)

NS

Anti-Smith antibody(Sm) (+) No.(%)

26(28.0%)

27(21.6%)

NS

21(28.0%)

32(22.4%)

NS

Anti-ribonucleoprotein (RNP) antibody (+) No.(%)

34(36.7%)

32(25.6%)

NS

26(34.7%)

40(28.0%)

NS

Anti- cardiolipin antibody (+) No.(%)

10(10.8%)

6(4.8%)

NS

2(2.7%)

14(9.8%)

NS

SLEDAI

18.72 ± 5.70

16.74 ± 5.69

0.012

15.47 ± 4.90

18.69 ± 5.89

<0.001