Table 1 Epidemiological characteristics of subjects with diabetic nephropathy
From: The relationship between obesity and diabetic nephropathy in China
Total | Lean Group BMI < 25 | Overweight Group 25 ≤ BMI < 28 | Obese Group BMI ≥ 28 | Pvalue | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No. of patients | 264 | 122 | 83 | 59 | |
BMI (kg/m2) | 25.5 ± 3.39 | 22.6 ± 1.59 | 26.4 ± 0.85 | 31.3 ± 1.91 | - |
Age (years) | 53.1 ± 9.06 | 54.1 ± 9.34 | 54.0 ± 8.97 | 53.1 ± 8.62 | 0.787 |
Male sex (%) | 154(58.3%) | 73(59.8%) | 47(56.6%) | 34(57.6%) | 0.894 |
Known duration of diabetes (months) | 111 ± 73.7 | 123 ± 74.8 | 110 ± 74.9 | 84.0 ± 62.1**‡ | 0.002 |
Known duration of proteinuria (months) | 27.7 ± 41.7 | 23.7 ± 29.7 | 28.0 ± 39.7 | 27.8 ± 56.8 | 0.698 |
Fasting glucose (mg/dL) | 124 ± 44 | 125 ± 48 | 117 ± 34 | 128 ± 51 | 0.338 |
HbA1c (%) | 6.66 ± 1.33 | 6.81 ± 1.50 | 6.48 ± 1.20 | 6.61 ± 1.11 | 0.230 |
Mean blood pressure (mmHg) | 108 ± 14.2 | 109 ± 14.5 | 105 ± 13.3 | 109 ± 14.8 | 0.139 |
Proteinuria (g/24 h) | 3.09 ± 2.32 | 3.19 ± 2.19 | 2.97 ± 2.46 | 3.08 ± 2.69 | 0.821 |
≥3.5 g/24 h (%) | 103 (37.4%) | 48 (39.3%) | 32 (38.6%) | 23 (39.0%) | 0.927 |
Serum albumin (g/dL) | 3.45 ± 0.74 | 3.36 ± 0.69 | 3.46 ± 0.80 | 3.66 ± 0.74* | 0.017 |
<3.5 g/dL (%) | 141 (53.5%) | 78 (63.9%) | 37 (44.6%)** | 26 (44.1%)** | 0.007 |
Serum creatinine (mg/dL) | 2.02 ±2.02 | 2.39 ± 2.27 | 1.52 ± 1.14** | 2.00 ± 2.36 | 0.010 |
Ccr (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 97.8 ± 53.4 | 81.6 ± 51.0 | 114 ± 57.6** | 109 ± 64.8** | < 0.001 |
< 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 (%) | 85 (32.2%) | 52 (42.6%) | 18 (21.7%)** | 15 (25.4%)** | < 0.001 |
Uric acid (μmol/L) | 400 ± 108 | 391 ± 110 | 401 ± 101 | 418 ± 113 | 0.340 |
Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 11.2 ± 2.6 | 10.4 ± 2.3 | 11.7 ± 2.5** | 12.3 ± 2.7** | <0.001 |
Anemia (%) | 140 (54.9%) | 84 (68.9%) | 39 (47.0%) ** | 17 (34.7%) ** | < 0.001 |
Volume of glomerulus (×106 μm3) | 4.97 ± 0.71 | 4.59 ± 0.64 | 5.13 ± 0.81 | 5.53 ± 0.68* | 0.031 |
Mean global sclerosis (%) | 27.5 ± 24.2 | 29.1 ± 25.9 | 26.8 ± 23.4 | 25.1 ± 21.7 | 0.634 |
Mesangial expansion (0–3) | 2.51 ± 1.22 | 2.86 ± 1.14 | 2.33 ± 1.25* | 2.06 ± 1.21** | 0.001 |
K-W nodule (%) | 145 (55.4%) | 81 (66.4%) | 40 (48.2%)* | 24 (40.7%)** | <0.001 |
Interstitial fibrosis (0–3) | 1.48 ± 0.72 | 1.57 ± 0.68 | 1.35 ± 0.72 | 1.48 ± 0.87 | 0.197 |
Tubular atrophy (0–3) | 1.07 ± 0.21 | 1.14 ± 0.39 | 1.04 ± 0.37 | 0.97 ± 0.18* | 0.012 |