Table 2 Relationship between demographic data, disease characteristics and depression risk ( n = 270)
From: Prevalence and correlates of depression among chronic kidney disease patients in Taiwan
Variables | Depress (n = 61) | Non-depress (n = 209) | t/χ 2 | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Demographic data | ||||
Age (Mean ± SD) (years) | 65.70 ± 12.37 | 63.87 ± 14.78 | 0.95 | 0.34 |
Gender | Â | Â | Â | Â |
  Male | 30(49.2) | 135(64.6) | 4.72 | 0.03 |
  Female | 31(50.8) | 74(35.4) |  |  |
Marital status | Â | Â | Â | Â |
  Single | 8(13.1) | 11(5.3) | 4.45 | 0.04 |
  Married (or divorced) | 53(86.9) | 198(94.7) |  |  |
Educational level | Â | Â | Â | Â |
  Low (<12th grade) | 45(73.8) | 157(75.1) | 0.05 | 0.83 |
  High (≥ 12th grade) | 16(26.2) | 52(24.9) |  |  |
Job | Â | Â | Â | Â |
  Employed | 11(82.0) | 62(29.7) | 3.24 | 0.07 |
  Unemployed | 50(18.0) | 147(70.3) |  |  |
Living status | Â | Â | Â | Â |
  Living alone | 10(16.4) | 14(6.7) | 5.48 | 0.02 |
  Cohabitating | 51(83.6) | 195(93.3) |  |  |
Religious beliefs | Â | Â | Â | Â |
  Yes | 45(73.8) | 183(87.6) | 6.83 | 0.01 |
  No | 16(26.2) | 26(12.4) |  |  |
Sleep disturbance | Â | Â | Â | Â |
  Yes | 48(78.7) | 122(41.6) | 8.36 | <0.01 |
  No | 13(21.3) | 87(58.4) |  |  |
Alcohol drinking | Â | Â | Â | Â |
  Low(≤1 times/week) | 55(90.2) | 199(95.2) | 2.16 | 0.14 |
  High(≥2 times/week) | 6(9.8) | 10(4.8) |  |  |
Cigarette smoking | Â | Â | Â | Â |
  Yes | 21(34.4) | 90(43.1) | 1.46 | 0.23 |
  No | 40(65.6) | 119(56.9) |  |  |
Regular exercise | Â | Â | Â | Â |
  Yes | 32(52.5) | 142(67.9) | 4.94 | 0.03 |
  No | 29(47.5) | 67(32.1) |  |  |
Disease characteristics | Â | Â | Â | Â |
  Disease duration (Mean ± SD) (years) | 4.04 ± 3.26 | 3.38 ± 2.70 | -1.44 | 0.15 |
CKD stage | Â | Â | Â | Â |
  Stage III and below | 16(26.2) | 90(43.1) | 5.61 | 0.02 |
  Stage IVand above | 45(73.8) | 119(56.9) |  |  |
Other Chronic diseases | Â | Â | Â | Â |
  ≤1 | 16(26.2) | 77(36.8) | 2.36 | 0.13 |
  ≥2 | 45(73.8) | 132(63.2) |  |  |
Hemoglobin (g/dl) | 10.71 ± 2.03 | 11.18 ± 2.02 | 1.60 | 0.11 |
Creatine(mg/dl) | 5.40 ± 3.82 | 4.95 ± 4.28 | -0.5 | 0.60 |
Albumin(g/dl) | 3.50 ± 0.62 | 3.51 ± 0.48 | 0.04 | 0.97 |