Table 2 Risk factors for primary patency loss
From: Type of arteriovenous vascular access and association with patency and mortality
Fistula | Graft | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N=727 hazard ratio (95% CI) | N=146 hazard ratio (95% CI) | |||||||||
Crude | Adjusted | Crude | Adjusted | |||||||
Age* (years) | ≥65 versus <65 | 1.3 | (1.1-1.7) | 1.3 | (1.0-1.7) | 1.1 | (0.7-1.7) | 1.1 | (0.7-1.7) | |
Sex† | Female versus Male | 1.5 | (1.2-2.9) | 1.5 | (1.2-1.9) | 0.7 | (0.5-1.1) | 0.7 | (0.5-1.1) | |
BMI‡ (kg/m2) | ≥25 versus <25 | 1.0 | (0.8-1.2) | 0.9 | (0.7-1.1) | 0.8 | (0.5-1.3) | 0.8 | (0.5-1.3) | |
Primary kidney disease§ | Diabetes mellitus | 2.1 | (1.6-2.9) | 2.0 | (1.4-2.7) | 1.4 | (0.8-2.5) | 1.2 | (0.7-2.1) | |
Glomerulonephritis | 0.8 | (0.6-1.3) | 0.9 | (0.6-1.3) | 1.1 | (0.4-3.1) | 1.2 | (0.4-3.5) | ||
Vascular disease | 1.0 | (0.8-1.4) | 0.9 | (0.7-1.3) | 0.9 | (0.5-1.5) | 0.7 | (0.4-1.2) | ||
Others | 1 | (reference) | 1 | (reference) | 1 | (reference) | 1 | (reference) | ||
Cardiovascular disease¶ | Yes versus No | 1.7 | (1.4-2.2) | 1.7 | (1.3-2.2) | 1.8 | (1.2-2.8) | 1.8 | (1.1-2.9) | |
Prior catheter use** | Yes versus No | 1.9 | (1.5-2.4) | 1.9 | (1.5-2.4) | 2.2 | (1.4-3.4) | 2.1 | (1.3-3.4) | |
Systolic blood pressure** | Low | <139 | 0.9 | (0.7-1.2) | 0.9 | (0.7-1.2) | 1.7 | (1.0-2.9) | 1.5 | (0.8-2.6) |
(mmHg) | Median | 139-155 | 1.0 | (0.8-1.4) | 1.1 | (0.8-1.4) | 1.0 | (0.6-1.8) | 1.1 | (0.6-2.0) |
High | >155 | 1 | (reference) | 1 | (reference) | 1 | (reference) | 1 | (reference) | |
GFR** | >10 | 1 | (reference) | 1 | (reference) | 1 | (reference) | 1 | (reference) | |
(ml/min/1.73 m2) | 5-10 | 1.1 | (0.5-2.3) | 1.0 | (0.5-2.1) | 0.5 | (0.1-1.6) | 0.6 | (0.2-2.1) | |
<5 | 0.9 | (0.5-1.9) | 0.9 | (0.4-1.7) | 0.4 | (0.1-1.3) | 0.4 | (0.1-1.4) | ||
Calcium** (mmol/L), | Low | <2.30 | 1 | (reference) | 1 | (reference) | 1 | (reference) | 1 | (reference) |
Tertiles | Median | 2.30-2.49 | 1.3 | (0.9-1.7) | 1.3 | (1.0-1.7) | 1.0 | (0.6-1.8) | 1.1 | (0.6-1.9) |
High | >2.49 | 1.0 | (0.8-1.4) | 1.0 | (0.8-1.4) | 1.4 | (0.8-2.3) | 1.5 | (0.9-2.5) | |
Phosphorus** (mmol/L), | Low | <1.57 | 1 | (reference) | 1 | (reference) | 1 | (reference) | 1 | (reference) |
Tertiles | Median | 1.57-2.02 | 0.9 | (0.7-1.2) | 0.9 | (0.7-1.2) | 0.7 | (0.4-1.2) | 0.8 | (0.4-1.3) |
High | >2.02 | 0.9 | (0.7-1.2) | 0.9 | (0.7-1.2) | 0.9 | (0.5-1.5) | 0.9 | (0.5-1.5) | |
Cholesterol** (mmol/L), | Low | <4.20 | 1 | (reference) | 1 | reference) | 1 | (reference) | 1 | (reference) |
Tertiles | Median | 4.20-5.10 | 0.7 | (0.5-0.9) | 0.7 | (0.5-1.0) | 0.9 | (0.5-1.6) | 0.9 | (0.5-1.6) |
High | >5.10 | 0.8 | (0.6-1.1) | 0.8 | (0.6-1.1) | 0.7 | (0.4-1.2) | 1.0 | (0.5-1.7) | |
Albumin** (g/L), | Low | <35.0 | 1.8 | (1.3-2.4) | 1.5 | (1.1-2.1) | 3.1 | (1.7-5.5) | 2.4 | (1.3-4.5) |
Tertiles | Median | 35.0-38.9 | 1.3 | (1.0-1.8) | 1.2 | (0.9-1.7) | 2.1 | (1.1-4.0) | 2.4 | (1.2-4.6) |
High | >38.9 | 1 | (reference) | 1 | (reference) | 1 | (reference) | 1 | (reference) | |
hsCRP** (mg/L), | Low | <2.95 | 1 | (reference) | 1 | (reference) | 1 | (reference) | 1 | (reference) |
Tertiles | Median | 2.95-9.94 | 1.1 | (0.7-1.6) | 1.1 | (0.7-1.6) | 2.5 | (1.1-5.5) | 2.6 | (1.0-6.5) |
High | >9.94 | 1.6 | (1.1-2.4) | 1.6 | (1.1-2.3) | 2.5 | (1.1-5.6) | 2.7 | (1.2-6.3) | |
Fetuin-A** (g/L), Tertiles | Low | <0.55 | 1.9 | (1.3-2.9) | 1.9 | (1.3-2.9) | 3.6 | (1.4-6.7) | 3.6 | (1.7-7.4) |
Median | 0.55-0.64 | 1.5 | (1.0-2.3) | 1.5 | (1.0-2.3) | 3.1 | (1.8-7.3) | 3.3 | (1.5-7.5) | |
High | >0.64 | 1 | (reference) | 1 | (reference) | 1 | (reference) | 1 | (reference) | |