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Table 3 Odds ratios for 30-day mortality after acute nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding

From: Risk factors of short-term mortality after acute nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients on dialysis: a population-based study

  

Odds ratio (99% Confidence Interval)

Variable

Category

Unadjusted

Adjusted

Age

18 to <50 years

1.0 (reference)

1.0 (reference)

 

50 to <65 years

1.71 (1.49 to 1.95)

1.54 (1.34 to 1.77)

 

65 to <75 years

2.35 (2.06 to 2.68)

2.04 (1.77 to 2.35)

 

≥75 years

3.24 (2.84 to 3.69)

2.79 (2.42 to 3.21)

Sex (Males vs. females)*

 

1.03 (0.96 to 1.11)

 
 

Among patients with CAD

 

0.94 (0.82 to 1.07)

 

Among patients without CAD

 

1.12 (1.02 to 1.23)

Race

White

1.0 (reference)

1.0 (reference)

 

Black

0.69 (0.64 to 0.75)

0.80 (0.73 to 0.87)

 

Others

0.86 (0.73 to 1.02)

0.96 (0.81 to 1.13)

Vintage

1 to <3 years

1.0 (reference)

1.0 (reference)

 

3 to <6 years

1.02 (0.93 to 1.11)

1.11 (1.01 to 1.21)

 

≥6 years

1.08 (0.98 to 1.18)

1.37 (1.24 to 1.52)

Dialysis modality

peritoneal vs. hemodialysis

1.25 (1.09 to 1.45)

1.54 (1.32 to 1.78)

Bleeding likely peptic ulcer related

0.99 (0.92 to 1.07)

0.93 (0.86 to 1.01)

Hospitalized bleeding episode

2.17 (1.86 to 2.54)

2.11 (1.80 to 2.48)

Diabetes

 

1.11 (1.02 to 1.20)

1.06 (0.97 to 1.15)

Hypertension

 

1.07 (0.98 to 1.16)

0.91 (0.83 to 0.99)

Heart failure

 

1.56 (1.44 to 1.68)

1.21 (1.11 to 1.32)

Cerebrovascular disease

 

1.44 (1.31 to 1.57)

1.22 (1.11 to 1.34)

Arrhythmia

 

1.67 (1.55 to 1.80)

1.29 (1.19 to 1.40)

Cancer

 

1.85 (1.65 to 2.07)

1.58 (1.40 to 1.77)

Chronic liver disease

 

1.43 (1.29 to 1.58)

1.59 (1.43 to 1.76)

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1.53 (1.41 to 1.65)

1.20 (1.10 to 1.30)

Peripheral vascular disease

 

1.60 (1.48 to 1.72)

1.32 (1.22 to 1.44)

Valvular heart disease

 

1.48 (1.37 to 1.60)

1.20 (1.11 to 1.31)

History of kidney transplantation

 

0.77 (0.65 to 0.92)

0.98 (0.82 to 1.19)

History of ANVUGIB

 

0.79 (0.73 to 0.86)

0.76 (0.70 to 0.82)

Coronary artery disease*

 

1.24 (1.15 to 1.34)

 
 

Among men

 

0.87 (0.78 to 0.98)

 

Among women

 

1.04 (0.92 to 1.18)

  1. Abbreviations: ANVUGIB – acute nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleed; CAD – coronary artery disease.
  2. * There was evidence for effect modification between sex and CAD in fully-adjusted models. Therefore, effect estimates are presented for sex within strata of CAD and for CAD within strata of sex. All estimates arose from models that were adjusted for calendar year, age, gender, race, dialysis vintage, modality, history of renal transplantation, prior ANVUGIB, hospitalized episodes, peptic ulcer related episodes, comorbidities (including diabetes, heart failure, coronary artery disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cerebral vascular disease, hypertension, arrhythmia, valvular heart disease, peripheral vascular disease, chronic liver disease and malignancy), and interaction between sex and coronary artery disease.
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BMC Nephrology

ISSN: 1471-2369

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