Is the staple diet eaten in Medawachchiya, Sri Lanka, a predisposing factor in the development of chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology? - A comparison based on urinary β2-microglobulin measurements

Table 4 Staple food types reported in the dietary study among CKDu patients and non-CKDu subjects

Cereal type	CKDu patients	Non-CKDu subjects	χ2	Odds ratio
	No. of meals reported %	No. of meals reported %	(p value)	(95% CI)
	(N)	(N)
Rice and rice products	91.6 (826)	96.3 (846)	20.009 (0.007)	0.518 (0.319 – 0.842)
Millet	1.9 (17)	0.2 (2)	0.026*	-
Pulses and seeds	1.0 (9)	0.6 (5)	0.006 (0.940)	0.955 (0.290 – 3.146)
Bread/wheat products**	5.5 (49)	2.9 (26)	-	-

(N) = Number of meals.
χ2 > 1: Presence of an association (when calculated considering wheat as the reference food).
p < 0.05: Association is significant.
CI: 95% confidence interval.
*Fisher’s exact test has been used.
Consumption of staple food types were recorded in 901 and 879 meals of CKDu patients (n = 100) and non-CKDu subjects (n = 100), respectively.
**Reference food.

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