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Table 2 Inflammasome and inflammatory renal diseases

From: Is the inflammasome a potential therapeutic target in renal disease?

P2X7

Disease

Species

Antagonist/genetic deletion

Effect

Renal localization of inflammasome component

Harada [75]

TNF-α stimulation

Rat

-

NA

Mesangial cells

Gonclaves [76]

Unilateral ureteric obstruction

Mouse

P2X7 −/−

Beneficial

PTEC

Vonend [77]

Hypertension

Rat

-

NA

Glomerular podocytes

Diabetes mellitus

Turner [78]

Experimental glomerulonephritis

Mouse

-

NA

Glomeruli and infiltrating macrophages

Rat

Glomeruli

 

Lupus nephritis

Humans

-

NA

Glomeruli

PTEC

Taylor [70]

Experimental glomerulonephritis

Rat

Antagonist

Beneficial

-

  

Mouse

P2X7 −/−

  

NLRP3

Disease

Species

Antagonist/genetic deletion

Effect

Renal localization of inflammasome component

Deplano [79]

Glomerulonephritis

Rat

Genetic susceptible strain (cf. Protected strain)

NA

Glomeruli and bone marrow derived macrophages

Vilaysane A [80]

Non-diabetic acute and chronic kidney diseases

Human

NA

NA

PTEC

Vilaysane A [80]

Unilateral ureteric obstruction

Mice

NLRP3−/−

Beneficial

PTEC

Iyer S [81]

Ischaemia- reperfusion injury

Mice

NLRP3−/−

Beneficial

-

Jalilian [82]

None

Dog

NA

NA

Epithelial cells

IL-1

Disease

Species

Antagonist/genetic deletion

Effect

Renal localization of inflammasome component

Yamagishi H [83]

Unilateral ureteric obstruction

Mouse

IL-1 RA

Beneficial

PTEC

Haq M [44]

Ischaemia- reperfusion injury

Mouse

IL-1 RA

Beneficial

-

IL-1R −/−

Chen A [46]

IgA nephropathy

Mice

IL-1 RA

Beneficial

-

Matsumoto [84]

Glomerulonephritis

Human

NA

NA

 

Tam [85]

Glomerulonephritis

Rat

NA

N/A

 

Lan [86]

Glomerulonephritis

Rat

IL-1RA

Beneficial

 

Karkar [87]

Glomerulonephritis

Rat

Antibody

Beneficial

 

Karkar [88]

Glomerulonephritis

Rat

IL-1RA and soluble IL-1R

Beneficial

 

Tam [89]

Timoshanko JR [48]

Crescentic glomerulonephritis

Mice

IL-1β −/−

Beneficial

-

IL-1R −/−

Lichtnekert [47]

Anti- GBM disease

Mice

NLRP3 −/−

No effect

Renal dendritic cells

Caspase1 −/−

No effect

ASC −/−

No effect

IL-1R1 −/−

Benefit

Il-18 −/−

Mild benefit

Schorlemmer H [90]

SLE-like disease

Mice

IL-1 RA

Beneficial

-

Furuichi [43]

Ischaemia- reperfusion injury

Mice

IL-1αβ −/−

Beneficial

glomeruli and cortical arterioles

IL-1RA −/−

Rusai [45]

Ischaemia- reperfusion injury

Rats

IL-1 RA

Beneficial

-

Granfeldt [91]

Endotoxaemia

Pigs

NA

NA

Endothelial cells of the cortical arterioles were positive for IL-1β

IL-1ra was detected in the glomerulus and tubular cells

Hertting [92]

E.Coli pyelonephritis

Mice

IL-1β −/−

Harmful

-

Caspase-1

Disease

Species

Antagonist/genetic deletion

Effect

Renal localization of inflammasome component

Homsi [93]

Glycerol- induced AKI

Rats

Caspase-1 inhibitor

Beneficial

Constitutive tubular expression of IL-18

Induction of tubular IL-1β

Wang [94]

Endotoxaemia

Mice

Caspase 1 −/−

Beneficial

-

IL-1 Ra

No effect

IL-18 antiserum

No effect

Gauer [95]

None

Humans

NA

NA

Collecting duct alpha- and beta-intercalated cells express P2X7, IL-18

Edelstein [96]

Hypoxia

Mice

Caspase 1 −/−

Beneficial

IL-18 in PTEC

   

IL-18 binding protein

No effect

 

IL-18

Disease

Species

Antagonist/genetic deletion

Effect

Renal localization of inflammasome component

Bani-Hani A [68]

Unilateral ureteric obstruction

Mice

Transgenic mice overexpressing human IL-18-binding protein

Beneficial

TECs

Wu H [66]

Ischaemia- reperfusion injury

Mice

IL-18 −/−

Beneficial

TECs

IL-18 −/− BM chimera

Beneficial

IL-18-binding protein

Beneficial

Sugiyama M [67]

Bovine serum albumin-induced glomerulonephritis

Mice

IL-18R −/−

Beneficial

-

Kinoshita K [97]

Autoimmune disease

Mice

IL-18R −/−

Beneficial

-

Wang [61]

Ischaemia-reperfusion injury

Rat

IL-18-binding protein

Beneficial

-

Zhang [60]

Unilateral ureteric obstruction

Mice

Overexpress human IL-18-binding protein isoform a

Beneficial

-

VanderBrink [98]

Unilateral ureteric obstruction

Mice

IL-18 −/−

NA

TECs

ASC

Disease

Species

Antagonist/genetic deletion

Effect

Renal localization of inflammasome component

Iyer S [81]

Ischaemia- reperfusion injury

Mice

ASC −/−

Beneficial

-

  1. Abbreviations: PTEC Proximal tubular epithelial cells, NLRP3 Nod-like receptor protein 3, IL-1RA Interleukin 1 receptor antitagonist, ARF Acute renal failure, TEC Tubular epithelial cell, BM Bone marrow.