Table 3 Comparison of published studies that assess the effect of phosphate binders on FGF23

Isakova et al., CJASN [20]

Placebo; LC; P-restricted diet + placebo; P-restricted diet + LC

cFGF23 only

39

3–4

12 weeks

Significant 35% reduction in FGF23 in the P-restricted + LC group at week 12 vs baseline.

No significant change in FGF23 from baseline in other groups.

Yilmaz et al., AJKD [32]

Sevelamer; Calcium acetate

iFGF23

100

4

8 weeks

Sevelamer group: reduction (27.1%) at week 8.

Calcium acetate group: increase (3.5%) at week 8. Significance of changes from baseline not specified.

Oliveira et al., CJASN [18]

Calcium acetate; Sevelamer hydrochloride

iFGF23

40

3–4

6 weeks

For patients with stage 3 CKD:

 • Sevelamer group: significant reduction in FGF23 at week 6 (34.6%).

 • Calcium group: non-significant reduction in FGF23 at week 6 (24.7%).

Isakova et al., NDT [24]

LC; Placebo (both on P-controlled diet either 750 mg or 1500 mg)

cFGF23

16

3–4

2 weeks

No significant change from baseline.

Slight increase from baseline in the group ingesting 1500 mg P + placebo.

Block et al., JASN [31]

Placebo; Calcium acetate; Sevelamer; LC

cFGF23 and iFGF23

148

3–4

9 months

No significant differences in cFGF23.

Change from baseline of iFGF23:

 • Sevelamer: small but significant reduction.

 • Calcium acetate: small but significant increase.

 • LC and Placebo: no change.

Gonzalez-Parra et al., NDT [19]

LC

cFGF23

18

3

4 weeks

Significant reduction (21.8%) from baseline of cFGF23.