The association between vitamin B12, albuminuria and reduced kidney function: an observational cohort study

BMC Nephrology

Table 4 The cross-sectional association between B12 (OR per 1SD increase lnB12) and prevalent albuminuria and RKF in the NHANES 2003–2004 study

			Model 1			Model 2			Model 3
	n	Events (%)¹	OR	CI	p-value	OR	CI	p-value	OR	CI	p-value
Entire cohort
Albuminuria	4395	764 (13.3)	1.05	0.87-1.27	0.56	1.13	0.88-1.45	0.26	1.16	0.89-1.50	0.26
RKF	4445	489 (7.0)	1.13	0.85-1.51	0.37	1.17	0.85-1.61	0.32	3.06	2.30-4.08	<0.001
Stratified analysis: Albuminuria²
Homocysteine < median	2196	277 (11.5)	1.14	0.86-1.51	0.32	1.27	0.88-1.83	0.18	1.24	0.84-1.83	0.26
Homocysteine ≥ median	2197	487 (15.1)	1.05	0.80-1.36	0.72	1.05	0.79-1.40	0.26	1.18	0.88-1.59	0.26
Stratified analysis: RKF²
Homocysteine < median	2222	18 (0.7)	0.64	0.15-2.74	0.52	0.63	0.14-2.85	0.52	0.62	0.14-2.76	0.51
Homocysteine ≥ median	2223	471 (13.3)	1.56	1.16-2.09	0.01	1.59	1.16-2.17	0.01	3.46	2.64-4.53	<0.001

Model 1: Age- and sex- adjusted.
Model 2: Multivariable-adjusted: Albuminuria - systolic blood pressure, HDL_c, smoking status, hypertension treatment and diabetes.
RKF: diabetes, hypertension and dipstick proteinuria.
Model 3: Multivariable-adjusted + lnhomocysteine.
¹Percentages are weighted to reflect the US population and take into account the multi-stage complex sampling design used to enroll NHANES participants.
²Stratified by the median homocysteine levels (8.34 μmol/L).

ISSN: 1471-2369