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Table 1 Characteristics of the Study Population of the Adult Offspring Study Cohort

From: Increased blood pressure in adult offspring of families with Balkan Endemic Nephropathy: a prospective study

  

Investigation in 2003/04

Investigation in 2004/05

  

Offspring of BEN patients, n = 102 (%)

Offspring of control patients, n = 99 (%)

Offspring of BEN patients, n = 93 (%)

Offspring of control patients, n = 96 (%)

Gender

male

50.0

47.5

48.8

47.9

Smoking

Current smoker

39.2

34.3

38.7

35.4

 

Ex-smoker

22.6

12.1

21.5

12.5

 

Non-smoker

38.4

53.5

39.8

52.1

Diabetes

Yes

7.8

6.1

5.4

7.3

Parental history of hypertension

Mother

19.6

16.2

20.4

16.7

 

Father

13.7

16.2

15.1

16.7

 

Both

2.9

5.1

3.2

5.2

Parental history of BEN

Mother

38.2

0

38.7

0

 

Father

25.2

0

25.8

0

 

Both

36.3

0

35.5

0

Moderate hypertension in the offspringξ

30.4

19.2

32.3

22.9

Antihypertensive medication

22.5

5.1

29.0

12.5

  

Mean (standard deviation) or median and 95% confidence interval†

Age

(years)

47.3 (9.4)

49.6 (9.1)

50.4 (9.2)

48.8 (9.6)

Systolic blood pressure

(mm Hg)

130.7 (20.1)

124.9 (17.6)

135.1 (23.0)

126.1 (19.1)

Diastolic blood pressure

(mm Hg)

80.8 (12.2)

78.9 (10.5)

83.5 (14.0)

80.6 (12.5)

Pulse pressure $

(mm Hg)

49.3 (13.3)

46.2 (12.1)

51.5 (13.3)

45.5 (10.7)

Weight

(kg)

75.8 (14.8)

73.6 (11.6)

73.3 (14.2)

71.9 (11.1)

Height

(cm)

167.7 (8.5)

169.4 (7.7)

163.8 (9.0)

165.3 (7.7)

Body surface area #

(m2)

1.87 (0.22)

1.86 (0.2)

1.82 (0.21)

1.81 (0.2)

Minimal width of the kidney cortex

(mm)

15.5 (2.03)

15.9 (1.9)

15.2 (2.1)

15.6 (1.8)

Kidney length

(mm)

116.7 (6.8)

119.6 (7.0)

117.3 (6.8)

119.2 (6.8)

Lead in whole blood

(μg/L, median and 95% CI)¥

93.8 (50–205)

87.6 (42–225)

87.7 (41–210)

84 (39–203)

  1. † A median was used if the variable was not normally distributed.
  2. $ Difference of systolic minus diastolic blood pressure
  3. ¥ 95%CI – 95% confidence interval
  4. # Body surface area = ([height * weight]/3600)2
  5. ξ Systolic blood pressure ≥140 and/or diastolic ≥90 mm Hg.