Table 2 Characteristics of physician studies that identified factors associated with late referral of patients with chronic kidney disease.
Study | Year | Type of study | Country/No. of physicians | Types of physicians | Referral predictors identified |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Boulware [34] | 2006 | Physician Survey | USA/304 | Family practioners/Internists/Nephrologists | Insurance status, non-compliance |
Campbell [33] | 1989 | Physician interview | UK/86 | General physicians | Lack of specific referral criteria, Patient refusal, Physician rationing |
Lameire [24] | 1999 | Survey of dialysis units | Europe/NA | General physicians/Internists/Specialists | Physician rationing based on age, presence of comorbidities |
Mendelssohn [32] | 1995 | Physician survey | Canada/728 | Family practioners/Internists | Increasing age, presence of comorbidities, shorter life expectancy |
Parry [31] | 1994 | Physician survey | UK/203 | Geriatricians/General physicians/Nephrologists | Increasing age, presence of comorbidities, availability of dialysis centers |