Feeding soy protein isolate and oils rich in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids affected mineral balance, but not bone in a rat model of autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease

Table 1 Experimental diet composition

Ingredient (g/kg diet) ¹	Casein + CO	Casein + SO	SPI + SO	SPI + SB
Casein	200.0	200.0	0.0	0.0
Soy protein isolate	0.0	0.0	200.0	200.0
L-Cystine	3.0	3.0	1.3	1.3
Corn Starch	397.5	397.5	397.5	397.5
Maltodextrin	132.0	132.0	132.0	132.0
Sucrose	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Soybean Oil	70.0	0.0	70.0	35.0
Corn Oil	0.0	70.0	0.0	0.0
Salmon Oil	0.0	0.0	0.0	35.0
Cellulose	50.0	50.0	50.0	50.0
Mineral Mix²	35.0	35.0	35.0	35.0
Vitamin Mix²	10.0	10.0	10.0	10.0
Choline bitartrate	2.5	2.5	2.5	2.5
TBHQ, antioxidant	0.014	0.014	0.014	0.014
Calories	377	377	377	377
Fatty acids (% total fatty acids)
n-3 PUFAs
Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3n-3)	0.59 ± 0.18c	7.69 ± 0.02^a	7.68 ± 0.04^a	4.85 ± 0.01^b
Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n-3)	ND	ND	ND	7.4 ± 0.03
Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3)	ND	ND	ND	3.9 ± 0.1
n-6 PUFAs
Linoleic acid (LA, 18:2n-6)	52.93 ± 2.68^a	55.78 ± 0.07^a	56.09 ± 0.09^a	35.19 ± 0.06^b
Arachidonic acid (ARA, 20:4n-6)	1.10 ± 0.04^a	0.16 ± 0.005^c	0.21 ± 0.01^c	0.41 ± 0.007^b
n-3/n-6	0.01	0.14	0.14	0.44

¹All ingredients are from Harlan Teklad except for SPI from DuPont Nutrition and Health (St. Louis, MO) and salmon oil from JEdwards International (Quincy, MA).
²Based on the AIN-93G vitamin and mineral mixes [36]. Different superscript letters a, b, c within the same rows indicate significant differences at P < 0.05 by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test. Abbreviations are CO corn oil, SO soybean oil, SPI soy protein isolate, SB 1:1 soybean oil:salmon oil blend, TBHQ tertiary butylhydroquinone, ND not detectable.

ISSN: 1471-2369