Table 2 Sample characteristics for the main study (N  = 433)

Age (mean, SD)

48.23

14.89

Gender

 Male

229

52.9

 Female

204

47.1

Marital status

 Married

257

59.4

 Not married

175

40.4

Treatment type

 Dialysis

329

76

 Non-dialysis (eGFR 5-29 mL/min/1.73 m²)

104

24

Causes of CKD

 Diabetic nephropathy

135

31.2

 Hypertensive nephropathy

146

33.7

 Primary glomerular disease

30

6.9

 Unknown aetiology

59

13.6

 Others

63

14.5

Comorbid conditions

 0

180

41.6

 1-2

223

51.5

 ≤3

30

6.9