Rationale and design for the Predictors of Arrhythmic and Cardiovascular Risk in End Stage Renal Disease (PACE) study

Table 4 PACE study population and comparison to incident US dialysis cohorts

Dialysis study	PACE	CDS*	USRDS*
Time period	2009-2012	2005-2007	2008
Incident population, n	574	1646	110,175
African American	66%	28%	28.8%
Mean age, yrs	56	60	62.8
Younger age <65 years	73%	61.8%	52.8%
Diabetes	53%	52.6%	44.9%
Mean BMI, kg/m ²	29.3	29.8	28.4
Male	54%	55.1%	57.6%
Nutritional assessment, n	402	361	None
Follow-up	Annual in-person clinical evaluations semi-annual phone interviews	Passive	Passive
Cardiac evaluation	Signal averaged ECG	None	None
	Echocardiogram
	Cardiac CT calcium and angiography
	Pulse wave velocity
	Ankle brachial index
Hospitalizations/Mortality	Adjudicated	Passive	Passive
Baseline specimen collection	402	269	None
Follow-up specimen collection	Yes	None	None

*CDS-Comprehensive Dialysis Study 1646 completed phone interview; USRDS- United States Renal Data Systems.

ISSN: 1471-2369