Element (Reference range μg/L a)
|
Creatinine unadjusted (μg/L)
|
Creatinine adjusted (μg/g creatinine)
|
---|
SAN patients (group 1)
|
Controls Endemic (group 2)
|
Controls non-endemic (group 3)
|
SAN patients (group 1)
|
Controls Endemic (group 2)
|
Controls non-endemic (group 3)
|
---|
Al (0-20)
|
8.8 (4.6-32.2)
|
14.7 (3.6-32.4)
|
6.8 (3.8-28.4)
|
19.8 (7.5-89.4)
|
9.3 (2.6-16.3)
|
5.3 (2.8-28.7)
|
Sb (0-1)
|
3.6 (3.5-3.9)
|
4.9 (4.4-11)
|
2.2 (1.6-2.9)
|
8.2 (3.5-10.3)
|
3.2 (1.6-12.1)
|
1.7 (1.3-2.6)
|
As (0-35)
|
37.5 (11.1-130.3)
|
102.0 (14.9-187.8)
|
29.2 (15.2-40.2)
|
89.3 (21.6-136.6)
|
56.2 (17.6-160.5)
|
21. (11.4-40.2)
|
Ba (NA)
|
4.4 (2.9-10.9)
|
16.5 (7.2-177.9)
|
33.9 (1.9-7.8)
|
9.5 (4.5-14.4)
|
13.7 (5.2-66.4)
|
2.7 (1.4-7.9)
|
Cd (0-1.3)
|
2.5 (2.2-3.1)
|
4.6 (4.1-6.9)
|
1.9 (1.1-2.2)
|
5.5 (2.2-8.6)
|
3.0 (1.7-8.1)
|
1.3 (1.0-2.0)
|
Cr (NA)
|
22.5 (17.1-52.7)
|
42.9 (15-77.3)
|
18.1 (11.5-35.6)
|
50.3 (17.3-146.4)
|
27.1 (10.8-52.0)
|
13.7 (9.3-36.0)
|
Co (0-1.9)
|
2.5 (1.6-3.5)
|
4.7 (2.4-5.9)
|
1.6 (0.9-2.9)
|
5.9 (1.6-9.2)
|
3.3 (1.5-7.8)
|
1.5 (0.7-2.1)
|
Cu (15-60)
|
20.7 (9.6-104.5)
|
35.9 (11.2-56.1)
|
13.8 (8.5-39.7)
|
46.0 (9.7-160.8)
|
19.6 (4.6-61.6)
|
10.9 (5.5-29.8)
|
Fe (100-300)
|
117.2 (28.4-636.3)
|
622.2 (248.5-1767)
|
135.1 (69.6-287.5)
|
250.5 (55.7-1767.5)
|
513.8 (171.4-965.8)
|
106.6 (49.1-290.4)
|
Pb (0-4)
|
11.8 (11.5-14.2)
|
20.0 (18.4-24.5)
|
9.0 (7.8-9.9)
|
26.5 (11.6-39.4)
|
12.9 (7.2-23.3)
|
6.9 (5.7-9.6)
|
Mn (0.1-0.9)
|
2.2 (1.5-6.6)
|
5.9 (3.5-115.1)
|
1.6 (1.3-4.2)
|
4.9 (1.6-18.3)
|
4.2 (2.2-42.9)
|
1.3 (0.8-4.2)
|
Mo (6-190)
|
47.8 (25-213)
|
98.8 (38-211.8)
|
50.1 (20.7-187.6)
|
108.6 (25.3-591.7)
|
80.9 (14.2-176.8)
|
33.9 (16.7-189.5)
|
Ni (0-6)
|
5.6 (1.7-24.1)
|
10.1 (2.6-25.2)
|
4.7 (1.3-11.5)
|
12.8 (1.7-66.9)
|
7.2 (1.9-18.6)
|
3.4 (1.0-11.6)
|
Se (0-50)
|
13.1 (9.7-33.1)
|
22.8 (10.7-52.4)
|
11.3 (6.6-27.5)
|
26.6 (16.9-88.9)
|
18.5 (4.9-34.1)
|
8.7 (4.5-24.6)
|
Sr (NA)
|
102.3 (26.2-368.2)
|
471.6 (147.7-940.1)
|
82.9 (26.2-187.2)
|
191.2 (51.4-1022.8)
|
304.1 (106.3-514.4)
|
63.7 (16.6-189.1)
|
Sn (NA)
|
30.0(29.6-39.2)
|
37.0 (36.4-39.4)
|
47.7 (38.7-57.4)
|
68.7 (30.4-95.6)
|
24.6 (13.2-63.2)
|
35.7 (27.5-51.3)
|
Ti (0-2)
|
122.9 (69.9-807.4)
|
300.0 (38.3-803.1)
|
124.5 (60.2-604.1)
|
251.1 (119.8-2242.8)
|
291.1 (14.3-553.9)
|
91.9 (38.1-231.3)
|
V (0-1)
|
20.0 (13.4-59.3)
|
44.9 (18.5-188.7)
|
18.1 (14.2-24.5)
|
44.4 (13.5-164.7)
|
31.6 (13.3-70.4)
|
13.07 (10.8-20.0)
|
Zn (300-600)
|
194.7 (139.2-430.1)
|
344.6 (32.5-756.6)
|
203.0 (145.6-277.6)
|
403.9 (203.8-1194.7)
|
326.7 (192.2-435.6)
|
144.0 (94.5-280.4)
|
Glyphosate (NA)
|
56.8 (28.2- >80)
|
73.5 (40.2- > 80)
|
3.3 (1.2-5.5)
|
127.6 (61.0-195.1)
|
82.6 (17.1-195.1)
|
2.4 (0.8-4.4)
|
- aReference range for creatinine unadjusted urinary excretion (μg/L) given by Mayo clinic Rochester, Minnesota [18], USA. NA-reference range not available