Table 1 Descriptive analysis of demographic, laboratorial and clinical data

Age (years)

60.5 ± 11.5

57.3 ± 11.4

64.9 ± 10.3

0.009*

Female - n (%)

25 (41.0 %)

10 (28.6 %)

15 (57.7 %)

0.02*

Non-Caucasian - n (%)

33 (54.1 %)

22 (62.9 %)

11 (42.3 %)

0.11

Smoking - n (%)

9 (14.8 %)

5 (14.3 %)

4 (15.4 %)

0.90

BMI classification - n (%)

0.362

Malnourished ( <18,4 kg/m²)

2 (3.3 %)

1 (2.9 %)

1 (3.8 %)

Eutrophic (18,5 a 24,9 kg/m²)

20 (32.8 %)

14 (40 %)

6 (23.1 %)

Overweight (25,0 a 29,9 kg/m²)

22 (36.1 %)

13 (37.1 %)

9 (34.6 %)

Obese ( ≥30,0 kg/m²)

17 (27.9 %)

7 (20 %)

10 (38.5 %)

Fat mass (kg) – mean (SD)

22.1 ± 8.2

20.3 ± 7.4

24.6 ± 8.7

0.05*

Fat-free mass (kg) – mean (SD)

46.6 ± 11.3

48.5 ± 9.7

44.1 ± 12.9

0.148

Abdominal circumference – mean (SD)

94.14 ± 13.6

91.6 ± 13.0

97.4 ± 13.9

0.107

Comorbidities – n (%)

0.235

Hypertension

35 (57.4 %)

17 (48.6 %)

18 (69.2 %)

Diabetes Mellitus

1 (1.6 %)

1 (2.9 %)

0 (0 %)

Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus

11 (18 %)

6 (17.1 %)

5 (19.2 %)

Not present

14 (23 %)

11 (31.4 %)

3 (11.5 %)

Osteopenia/Osteoporosis – n (%)

0.01*

Osteopenia

12 (19.7 %)

8 (22.9 %)

4 (15.4 %)

Osteoporosis

6 (9.8 %)

0 (0 %)

6 (23.1 %)

Creatinine (mg/dL) ^a

2.3 (1.7–3.5)

2.2 (1.6–3.4)

2.4 (1.8–3.6)

0.53

GFR (mL/min/1,73 m²) ^a

23 (16.0–39.0)

28 (18.0–41.0)

22 (14.7–32.2)

0.15

Glicemia (mg/dL) ^a

91 (83.5–102.5)

92 (86.0–100.0)

88.5 (79.5–104.2)

0.79

iPTH (pg/ml) ^a

149.3 (95.4–358.5)

127.9 (84.1–264.1)

248.8 (124.3–409.7)

0.02*

TSH (μUI/mL) ^a

2.2 (1.4–3.1)

2.4 (1.4–3.3)

2.0 (1.3–2.7)

0.70

Total cholesterol (mg/dL) – mean (SD)

178.0 ± 38.4

177.1 ± 36.9

179.3 ± 41.0

0.83

Ferritin (ng/dL) ^a

126.4 (79.1–202.6)

103.6 (71.3–209.9)

128.4 (89.1–202.2)

0.47

TSAT (%) – mean (SD)

34.1 ± 12.5

37.1 ± 12.9

30.1 ± 11.1

0.02*

Hemoglobin (g/dL) – mean (SD)

12.9 ± 1.7

13.3 ± 1.8

12.4 ± 1.6

0.07

TNF-α (pg/ml) ^a

9.7 (5.6–29.5)

10.0 (6.5–35.8)

8.6 (5.5–16.2)

0.27

IL-6 (pg/ml) ^a

2.7 (1.9–4.5)

2.3 (1.8–4.1)

3.2 (1.9–4.6)

0.22

CRP (mg/L) ^a

2.1 (1.3–4.1)

1.7 (1.1–4.2)

2.4 (1.5–4.1)

0.28

Vitamin D (nmol/L) – mean (SD)

21.9 ± 3.8

22.1 ± 3.6

21.5 ± 4.1

0.52

Calcium (mg/dL) – mean (SD)

9.8 ± 1.1

9.8 ± 0.9

9.8 ± 1.4

0.79

Phosphorus (mg/dL) – mean (SD)

3.8 ± 0.9

3.8 ± 0.8

3.8 ± 1.0

0.95

Calcium x phosphorus product (mg/dL) – mean (SD)

37.2 ± 9.0

36.4 ± 8.7

38.2 ± 9.4

0.45