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Table 3 Prevalence ratios of poor glycemic control (HbA1c >7 % vs. ≤7 %) by diabetes type

From: Correlates of poor glycemic control among patients with diabetes initiating hemodialysis for end-stage renal disease

Determinants

Type 1a

P-value

Type 2b

P-value

Age (years)c

 Tertile 1

1

 

1

 

 Tertile 2

1.31 (0.95, 1.80)

0.10

0.78 (0.72, 0.84)

<0.001

 Tertile 3

1.04 (0.76, 1.70)

0.81

0.57 (0.52, 0.62)

<0.001

Male sex

0.94 (0.71, 1.24)

0.67

1.08 (1.00, 1.16)

0.05

Race/ethnicityd

 Native American

1.03 (0.52, 2.05)

0.93

1.47 (1.20, 1.79)

<0.001

 Asian

0.48 (0.11, 2.05)

0.32

1.00 (0.80, 1.25)

0.99

 Black

0.82 (0.58, 1.16)

0.27

1.04 (0.95, 1.14)

0.44

 Pacific Islander

0.78 (0.18, 3.42)

0.75

0.95 (0.61, 1.48)

0.82

 Other/Multiracial

0.41 (0.05, 3.07)

0.38

0.79 (0.38, 1.67)

0.53

Hispanic ethnicity

0.75 (0.51, 1.11)

0.15

1.18 (1.06, 1.31)

0.002

Median rent ($)

  ≤ 735

1

 

1

 

 736–959

0.79 (0.57, 1.08)

0.14

0.94 (0.86, 1.03)

0.18

  ≥ 960

0.81 (0.53, 1.23)

0.33

0.99 (0.89, 1.10)

0.87

Median household income ($)

  < 38,629

1

 

1

 

 38,630–52,301

1.17 (0.79, 1.75)

0.43

1.07 (0.97, 1.19)

0.19

  > 52,303

1.02 (0.60, 1.81)

0.94

1.11 (0.97, 1.27)

0.14

% below poverty

  < 12

1

 

1

 

 12–21

0.86 (0.56, 1.32)

0.49

1.07 (0.96, 1.20)

0.22

  ≥ 21

0.86 (0.49, 1.53)

0.61

1.10 (0.94, 1.29)

0.22

% unemployed

  < 5

1

 

1

 

 5–7

0.97 (0.68, 1.38)

0.86

1.04 (0.95, 1.13)

0.42

  > 7

1.16 (0.79, 1.69)

0.45

1.05 (0.95, 1.16)

0.30

% with < high school education

  < 11.5

1

 

1

 

 11.5–19.5

0.83 (0.57, 1.21)

0.33

0.96 (0.87, 1.07)

0.45

  ≥ 19.5

0.94 (0.67, 1.46)

0.80

0.98 (0.87, 1.11)

0.80

Smoking (current)

1.06 (0.69, 1.61)

0.80

0.97 (0.83, 1.12)

0.67

BMI (kg/m2)

 19- < 25

1

 

1

 

 25–29

1.23 (0.88, 1.72)

0.28

1.03 (0.93, 1.14)

0.60

  ≥ 30

0.86 (0.62, 1.21)

0.39

1.14 (1.04, 1.26)

0.008

Platelet count (×103/μL)

  ≤ 207

1

 

1

 

 208–277

1.68 (1.03. 2.74)

0.04

1.08 (0.99, 1.18)

0.08

  ≥ 278

2.28 (1.42, 3.63)

<0.001

1.10 (1.01, 1.21)

0.04

White blood cell count (1000 per μL)

  < 6.3

1

 

1

 

 6.3–8.2

1.01 (0.71, 1.45)

0.94

1.11 (1.02, 1.22)

0.02

  > 8.2

0.97 (0.70, 1.38)

0.86

1.19 (1.08, 1.31)

<0.001

Ferritin (ng/mL)

  < 200

1

 

1

 

 200–399

0.90 (0.62, 1.31)

0.59

1.01 (0.93, 1.11)

0.77

  ≥ 400

1.11 (0.80, 1.55)

0.53

1.15 (1.06, 1.26)

0.001

Total cholesterol (mg/dL)

  ≤ 200

1

 

1

 

 201–239

1.07 (0.74, 1.54)

0.73

1.12 (0.99, 1.26)

0.06

  ≥ 240

1.12 (1.09, 1.61)

0.02

1.17 (1.03, 1.34)

0.01

HDL (mg/dL)

  ≤ 40

1

 

1

 

 40–59

0.93 (0.64, 1.34)

0.70

0.82 (0.72, 0.92)

<0.001

  ≥ 60

0.72 (0.47, 1.11)

0.14

0.68 (0.60, 0.77)

<0.001

Triglycerides (mg/dL)

  ≤ 150

1

 

1

 

 150–199

1.23 (0.87, 1.75)

0.25

1.14 (1.04, 1.25)

0.007

  ≥ 200

1.45 (1.03, 2.05)

0.03

1.48 (1.35, 1.62)

<0.001

Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg)

  < 120

1

 

1

 

 120–139

1.34 (0.74, 2.42)

0.33

1.00 (0.88, 1.15)

0.97

  ≥ 140

1.21 (0.72, 2.05)

0.47

1.12 (0.99, 1.26)

0.07

Albumin (g/dL)

  ≤ 3.5

1

 

1

 

 3.6–3.9

0.76 (0.58, 1.03)

0.08

0.94 (0.87, 1.02)

0.15

  ≥ 4.0

0.81 (0.54, 1.22)

0.30

0.76 (0.69, 0.85)

<0.001

Normalized protein catabolic rate (g/kg/d)

  < 0.8

1

 

1

 

 0.8–1.00

1.18 (0.84, 1.65)

0.33

0.80 (0.73, 0.88)

<0.001

  ≥ 1.01

1.09 (0.81, 1.49)

0.57

0.83 (0.77, 0.90)

<0.001

eGFR e (mL/min/1.73 m2)

  < 7

1

 

1

 

 7–10

1.59 (1.04, 2.43)

0.03

1.14 (1.01, 1.27)

0.03

  ≥ 10

1.66 (1.13, 2.43)

0.009

1.36 (1.23, 1.51)

<0.001

Hemoglobin (g/dL)

  < 10

1

 

1

 

 10–11

0.95 (0.57, 1.61)

0.86

1.21 (0.98, 1.45)

0.07

  ≥ 11

1.03 (0.68, 1.57)

0.90

1.45 (1.00, 1.70)

0.05

  1. aIn 627 US adult patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus initiating maintenance hemodialysis at a DaVita outpatient facility. Multivariable model included all demographic, area-level socioeconomic, and clinical and biometric variables
  2. bIn 15,670 US adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus initiating maintenance hemodialysis at a DaVita outpatient facility. Multivariable model included all demographic, area-level socioeconomic, and clinical and biometric variables
  3. cAge breakdown in tertiles was as follows: 18–31 (tertile 1), 32–36 (tertile 2), 37–39 (tertile 3) for patients with type 1 diabetes, and 40–61 (tertile 1), 62–71 (tertile 2), and >71 (tertile 3) for patients with type 2 diabetes
  4. dCompared with white race as the reference category
  5. eeGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate
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BMC Nephrology

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