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Table 3 Factors associated with Proteinuria (n = 240)

From: Renal abnormalities among HIV infected children at Muhimbili National Hospital (MNH)—Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

Variable

n

Proteinuria present n (%)

P value

Age (years)

 1 up to 5

63

4 (6.1)

 

 5 up to 10

91

2 (2.1)

 

 10 and above

86

11 (13.8)

0.012

Sex

 Male

133

9 (6.8)

 

 Female

107

8 (7.5)

0.831

Use of ART

 Yes

119

16 (7.3)

 

 No

21

1 (4.8)

1.000

CD4 percent

  < 25 %

64

10 (15.6)

 

  ≥ 25 %

176

7 (4.0)

0.004

Haematuria

 Present

10

1 (10.0)

 

 Absent

230

16 (7.0)

0.527a

BMI Z –score

 Median- -1SD

164

11 (6.7)

 

  < -1 SD

76

6 (7.9)

0.739

Renal echogenicityb

 Normal

93

6 (10.0)

 

 Increased

60

9 (9.7)

1.0

  1. aFischer’s exact test, bn = 153