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Table 3 Comparisons of clinical, biological and haemodynamic characteristics between patients who developed CA-AKI based on creatinine levels, CA-AKI with RIFLE urinary output criteria, with RIFLE urine output criteria only, or without CA-AKI or RIFLE urine output criteria

From: Predictive value of the RIFLE urine output criteria on contrast-induced nephropathy in critically ill patients

 

CA-AKI and RIFLE (n = 14)

CA-AKI (n = 9)

Only RIFLE (n = 31)

No CA-AKI (n = 95)

P value

Age (years)

73 [61–80]

60 [48–67]

68 [57–75]

63 [55–71]

0.08

Sex (male/female)

10/4

6/3

22/9

55/40

0.55

ICU admission diagnosis (medical/surgical)

11/3*

7/2

29/2*

77/18

0.41

APACHE II score

26 [20–30]*

21 [17–28]

18 [11–26]

20 [14–23]

0.04

Weight (kg)

80 [74–90]

72 [60–88]

84 [75–95]*

75 [65–86]

0.05

Diabetes mellitus (%)

4 (29)

2 (22)

9 (29)

26 (27)

0.98

Nephrotoxic drugs

5 (36)

4 (44)

14 (45)

43 (45)

0.92

Cardiovascular risk factors (%)

11 (79)

6 (75)

23 (74)

65 (68)

0.86

Need for renal replacement (%)

3 (21)*

0 (0)

3 (10)*

0 (0)

<0.001

Length of ICU stay (days)

15 [12–18]

10 [6–19]

8 [5–21]

12 [8–23]

0.42

ICU mortality (%)

9 (64)*

3 (33)

9 (29)

14 (15)

<0.001

Haematocrit (%)

32 .2 [29.2–40.2]

28.5 [24.8–33.0]

32.1 [26.9–40.8]

30.6 [27.1–36.6]

0.37

Urea (mg/dL)

50 [42–57]

40 [31–54]

40 [32–60]

44 [32–58]

0.57

Creatinine (mg/dL)

1.18 [1.00–1.40]*

0.80 [0.45–1.10]

0.98 [0.74–1.18]

0.84 [0.62–1.08]

0.03

MDRD mL/min/1.73 m2

52 [46–71]

80 [66–173]

76 [52–92]

82 [59–128]

0.06

Patients with creatinine ≥1.5 mg/dL

1 (9 %)

1 (14 %)

4 (12.9 %)

9 (9.5 %)

0.93

pH

7.37 [7.30–7.42]

7.42 [7.27–7.48]

7.36 [7.30–7.42]

7.42 [7.33–7.46]

0.08

BE (meq/L)

−2 [−6–2]

1 [−3–7]

−1 [−4–0]

1 [−2–5]

0.08

HCO3 (mmoL/L)

22.9 [20.7–25.2]

25.0 [23.5–31.4]

24.0 [21.4–27.8]

25.7 [22.0–30.3]

0.29

Na (mEq/L)

140 [136–142]

138 [134–140]

139 [137–143]

140 [137–143]

0.19

CPK (UI/mL)

171 [91–854]

203 [11–376]

199 [49–604]

117 [44–348]

0.32

CRP (mg/dL)

15.6 [6.6–22.8]

8.7 [3.6–17.3]

7.4 [0.5–13.0]

9.3 [2.5–18.4]

0.13

Lactate (mmol/L)

1.0 [0.6–1.3]

0.6 [0.5–0.9]

0.4 [0.4–0.8]

0.5 [0.5–0.7]

0.11

Nephropathy prevention (%)

2 (14.2)

0 (0)

6 (19.4)

21 (22)

0.41

Mean blood pressure before CM (mmHg)

80 [64–94]

70 [62–87]

84 [74–91]

81 [71–94]

0.51

Mean blood pressure at 6 h (mmHg)

72 [66–88]

72 [60–79]

77 [68–88]

81 [71–96]

0.10

Mean blood pressure at 12 h (mmHg)

73 [64–74]*

74 [68–80]

74 [69–79]

79 [70–88]

0.02

Mean blood pressure at day 1 (mmHg)

71 [65–74]*

76 [69–80]

74 [68–83]

85 [74–97]

<0.001

Mean blood pressure at day 2 (mmHg)

67 [64–77]*

74 [68–77]*

79 [71–86]*

90 [79–98]

<0.001

Mean blood pressure at day 3 (mmHg)

76 [69–88]*

71 [65–85]*

77 [69–88]*

88 [77–100]

<0.001

CVP before CM (mmHg)

10 [6–14]

13 (11–14]

10 [8–11]

9 [5–11]

0.14

Maximal vasopressor dose on the day of CM (mcg/kg/min)

0.12 [0.00–0.20]* vs no

0.00 [0.00–0.15]

0.04 [0.00–0.12]

0.00 [0.00–0.00]

0.004

Maximal vasopressor dose, day 1 (mcg/kg/min)

0.10 [0.05–0.40]*

0.00 [0.00–0.06]

0.00 [0.00–0.06]

0.00 [0.00–0.00]

<0.001

Maximal vasopressor dose, day 2 (mcg/kg/min)

0.19 [0.00–0.40]*

0.00 [0.00–0.04]

0.00 [0.00–0.08]

0.00 [0.00–0.00]

<0.001

Maximal vasopressor dose, day 3 (mcg/kg/min)

0.15 [0.00–0.30]*

0.00 [0.00–0.09]

0.00 [0.00–0.01]

0.00 [0.00–0.00]

<0.001

Doses of CM (ml/kg)

1.54 [1.47–5.38]

1.64 [1.33–1.85]

1.53 [1.17–1.61]

1.60 [1.21–1.85]

0.32

Diuretics on day of CM injection (%)

1 (9 %)

5 (71 %)*

3 (12 %)

7 (13 %)

<0.001

Fluid intake, day 0 (ml)

3015 [2200–3885]

2495 [1774–3030]

2600 [2058–3516]

2830 [2124–3814]

0.65

Fluid intake, day 1 (ml)

3371 [2125–4184]

3371 [2125–4184]

3085 [2005–3748]

2865 [2098–3676]

0.49

Fluid intake, day 2 (ml)

3069 [1786–3780]

2090 [1730–3369]

2810 [2186–3124]

2550 [1949–3395]

0.78

Fluid intake, day 3 (ml)

2640 [1738–3811]

2750 [1820–3308]

2285 [1628–3103]

2465 [1690–3360]

0.63

  1. Kruskal Wallis One way of variance on ranks with Dunn test correction
  2. BE base excess
  3. *p value <0.05 versus no CA-AKI