Insulin | Dietary treatment | Metformin | Sulfonyl-ureas | Metformin + Insulin | Glinides | DPP-4 inhibitors | Metformin + Sulfonyl-ureas | Sulfonyl-ureas + Insulin | Metformin + DPP-4 inhibitors | DPP-4 inhibitors + Insulin | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | 699 | 405 | 123 | 123 | 76 | 59 | 46 | 38 | 38 | 37 | 27 |
Percent | 41.8 | 24.2 | 7.4 | 7.4 | 4.6 | 3.5 | 2.8 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 1.6 |
Age, years | 64 ± 9 | 65 ± 8 | 64 ± 9 | 67 ± 6 | 64 ± 7 | 66 ± 6 | 65 ± 7 | 66 ± 5 | 66 ± 6 | 64 ± 8 | 65 ± 7 |
Male gender, n (%) | 478 (68.4) | 270 (66.7) | 70 (56.9) | 80 (65.0) | 46 (60.5) | 45 (76.3) | 36 (78.3) | 29 (76.3) | 27 (71.1) | 22 (59.5) | 16 (59.3) |
BMI, kg/m 2 | 32 ± 6 | 31 ± 6 | 33 ± 6 | 32 ± 5 | 35 ± 5 | 31 ± 5 | 34 ± 5 | 33 ± 6 | 34 ± 8 | 32 ± 5 | 36 ± 6 |
Hemoglobin, g/dL b | 13.2 (12.2, 14.4) | 13.6 (12.5, 14.8) | 13.7 (12.2, 5.0) | 13.4 (12.3, 14.5) | 13.7 (12.4, 14.4) | 13.5 (12.4, 14.5) | 13.1 (12.1, 14.3) | 13.1 (12.1, 14.4) | 13.7 (12.7, 14.7) | 14.1 (12.5, 15.1) | 13.5 (12.8, 14.1) |
HbA1c, % c | 7.5 (6.8, 8.4) | 6.7 (6.5, 7.1) | 6.6 (6.3, 7.1) | 6.8 (6.3, 7.5) | 7.3 (6.8, 8.1) | 6.7 (6.3, 7.0) | 6.7 (6.3, 7.1) | 7.3 (6.6, 7.9) | 7.8 (7.0, 8.6) | 6.7 (6.4, 7.2) | 7.6 (6.6, 8.7) |
eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m 2 | 43 ± 15 | 46 ± 17 | 56 ± 18 | 45 ± 12 | 55 ± 17 | 42 ± 10 | 45 ± 13 | 52 ± 16 | 42 ± 12 | 53 ± 17 | 41 ± 12 |
UACR, mg/gCrea | 71 (11, 512) | 34 (8, 253) | 22 (7, 322) | 45 (8, 319) | 59 (7, 353) | 51 (8, 245) | 22 (5, 247) | 56 (14, 408) | 81 (12, 357) | 29 (6, 441) | 29 (14, 102) |
Duration of CKD, n (%) | |||||||||||
≥ 5 years | 324 (46.4) | 183 (45.3) | 38 (30.9) | 47 (38.2) | 32 (42.1) | 27 (45.8) | 16 (34.8) | 10 (26.3) | 14 (36.8) | 14 (37.8) | 10 (37) |
3 – < 5 years | 115 (16.5) | 65 (16.1) | 19 (15.5) | 17 (13.8) | 13 (17.1) | 10 (17) | 9 (19.6) | 6 (15.8) | 4 (10.5) | 2 (5.4) | 6 (22.2) |
1 – < 3 years | 152 (21.8) | 80 (19.8) | 29 (23.6) | 33 (26.8) | 11 (14.5) | 15 (25.4) | 9 (19.6) | 11 (29) | 10 (26.3) | 11 (29.7) | 4 (14.8) |
< 1 year | 84 (12) | 63 (15.6) | 27 (22) | 25 (20.3) | 11 (14.5) | 6 (10.2) | 11 (23.9) | 7 (18.4) | 5 (13.2) | 8 (21.6) | 6 (22.2) |
CV disease, number (%) a | 382 (54.7) | 176 (43.5) | 38 (30.9) | 58 (47.2) | 38 (50) | 17 (28.8) | 17 (37) | 23 (60.5) | 16 (42.1) | 16 (43.2) | 18 (66.7) |