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Table 1 Baseline Characteristics of Overall Population and of Patients with and without Coronary Disease by Smoking Status

From: Differential impact of smoking on mortality and kidney transplantation among adult Men and Women undergoing dialysis

   

Coronary Artery Disease

No Coronary Disease

  

Overall

Smoking Status

Smoking Status

   

Yes

No

Yes

No

   

(n = 19,271)

(n = 295,192)

49,459

856,020

Demographics

 

Age (years)

62.8 (15.3)

63 (11.3)

69.6 (11.2)*

54.3 (13.8)

60.9 (15.9)*

Gender (%)

 

Male

54.3

66.5

57.9*

63.3

52.3*

Race (%)

 

White

65.4

77.3

77.6

59.9

61.2*

 

Black

29.7

20.3

18.4*

37.4

33.4*

 

Asian

3.8

1.1

2.9*

1.5

4.3*

 

Native American

1.11

1.3

1*

1.2

1.2

Hispanic (%)

 

Hispanic

7.8

2.8

6.6*

3

8.6*

Comorbid Conditions (%)

 

Diabetes (cause of ESKD)a

45.3

45.3

53.5*

33.3

43.2*

 

Diabetes (as comorbid condition)

52.8

55.3

62.9*

40.4

50*

 

Hypertension

79.4

88.8

83.8*

84

77.4*

 

Heart Failure

33.1

57.3

59.2*

24.2

24.1

 

Coronary Disease

25.8

    
 

Stroke

9.5

20.8

16.2*

8.9

7*

 

Peripheral Arterial Disease

14.7

43.2

30.8*

13.4

8.5*

 

Chronic lung disease

8.2

41.2

13*

18.7

5.1*

 

Malignancy

6.4

7.6

7.3

6.4

6

 

Body Mass Index (kg/m2)

27.5 (7.3)

26 (6.7)

27.3 (6.9)*

26.1 (7.1)

27.7 (7.5)*

Lifestyle factors (%)

 

Alcohol Dependence

1.5

6.1

0.7*

10.6

1.2*

 

Drug dependence

1.2

2.7

0.3*

8.6

1*

Functional Status (%)

 

Inability to walk independently

5.2

8.2

8

4.4

4.2

 

Inability to transfer independently

2.1

2.6

3.2*

1.4

1.8*

Employment Status (%)

 

Full time employment

8.2

4.5

3.4*

9.7

9.8

 

Part time employment

1.8

1.4

1.1*

2.2

2*

 

Unemployed

19.8

16.6

11.5*

31.1

22*

 

Homemaker

4.8

3.5

5.2*

3

4.9*

 

Retired from age

39.8

39.1

55.6*

20.8

35.4*

 

Retired from disability

19.4

29.7

18.9*

26.5

18.9*

 

Medical leave of absence

3.0

2.4

1.4*

4.3

3.5*

 

Student

0.29

0.03

0.02

0.2

0.4*

 

Other

3.0

2.6

2.7

2.2

3.1*

Laboratory Variables

 

Serum Creatinine (μmol/L)

654.2 (309.4)

601.7 (251.4)

560.9 (226.4)*

726.3 (351.9)

681.2 (330.4)*

 

eGFRb (ml/min/1.73 m2)

8.6 (3.8)

8.8 (3.7)

8.8 (3.6)

8.0 (3.8)

7.9 (3.6)*

 

Albumin (g/L)

31 (7.0)

31 (6.6)

31.3 (6.4)*

3.1 (0.7)

3.1 (0.7)*

Pre-ESRD Care (%)

 

Erythropoietin use

29.0

27.4

32.2*

23.2

28.3*

Dialysis Modality at day 90 (%)

 

Peritoneal Dialysis

7.0

6.5

5.3*

7.9

7.5

 

Hemodialysis

80.4

79.6

78.7

81.4

80.9

  1. All values are reported as % or means with standard deviation
  2. aESKD: end-stage kidney disease
  3. bGlomerular filtration rate (ml/min per 1.73 m2) was based on the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration [25]
  4. *P < 0.001 for all bivariate comparisons
  5. 58 patients from the original cohort of 1, 220, 000 had missing data leaving 1, 219, 942 patients