Table 1 Number and frequencies of risk factors for CKD outcome prior to CKD or end of study time (total of 53,728 individuals not on PPI and total of 22,734 individuals on PPI)
From: Proton pump inhibitors are associated with increased risk of development of chronic kidney disease
Not on PPI | On PPI | p_value | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | Case(CKD) | Control | Total | Case(CKD) | Control | ||
53728 | 14600 | 39128 | 22734 | 4711 | 18023 | ||
Vascular disease (n) | 9948 | 3703 | 6245 | 3525 | 1046 | 2479 | <0.0001 |
18.52 % | 25.36 % | 15.96 % | 15.51 % | 22.20 % | 13.75 % | ||
COPD (n) | 4792 | 1541 | 3251 | 2239 | 569 | 1670 | <0.0001 |
8.92 % | 10.55 % | 8.31 % | 9.85 % | 12.08 % | 9.27 % | ||
Cancer (n) | 5540 | 1689 | 3851 | 1648 | 443 | 1205 | <0.0001 |
10.31 % | 11.57 % | 9.84 % | 7.25 % | 9.40 % | 6.69 % | ||
Diabetes (n) | 11410 | 4515 | 6895 | 3976 | 1206 | 2770 | <0.0001 |
21.24 % | 30.92 % | 17.62 % | 17.49 % | 25.60 % | 15.37 % | ||
Hypertension (n) | 33496 | 12024 | 21472 | 14202 | 3734 | 10468 | <0.0001 |
62.34 % | 82.36 % | 54.88 % | 62.47 % | 79.26 % | 58.08 % | ||
GI (n) | 7494 | 1913 | 5581 | 12832 | 2324 | 10508 | <0.0001 |
13.95 | 13.1 | 14.26 | 56.44 | 49.33 | 58.3 | ||
Black (n) | 5404 | 1067 | 4337 | 2315 | 357 | 1958 | 0.5994 |
10.06 % | 7.31 % | 11.08 % | 10.18 % | 7.58 % | 10.86 % | ||
Female (n) | 3340 | 534 | 2806 | 1342 | 214 | 1128 | 0.099 |
6.22 % | 3.66 % | 7.17 % | 5.90 % | 4.54 % | 6.25 % | ||
Age in years (mean) | 56.94 | 66.9 | 53.2 | 56.3 | 63.88 | 54.32 | <0.0001 |
(STD) | 15.38 | 11 | 15.2 | 13.17 | 10.9 | 13 | |
Time at risk (quarters) (mean) | 10.37 | 6.55 | 11.8 | 14.1 | 10.83 | 14.95 | <0.0001 |
(STD) | 7.66 | 5.9 | 7.74 | 7.1 | 6.17 | 7.08 | |