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Table 1 Baseline characteristics, overall and by facility-level proportion of patients with at least two of three CKD-MBD biomarkers out-of- or above-target ranges, using a PTH target range of 150–600 pg/mL

From: Facility-level CKD-MBD composite score and risk of adverse clinical outcomes among patients on hemodialysis

 

Quintile of facility-level proportion of patients with ≥ 2 out-of-target biomarkers

Out-of-target ranges

Above-target ranges

 

Overall

Q1: < 9.1 %

Q2: 9.1–< 13.6 %

Q3:13.6–< 18.2 %

Q4: 18.2–< 24.5 %

Q5: ≥ 24.5 %

Q1: 0 %

Q2: 0–< 4.8 %

Q3: 4.8–< 7.7 %

Q4: 7.7–< 11.1 %

Q5: ≥ 11.1 %

n of facilities

1298

253

259

243

283

260

303

208

262

252

273

n of patients

39,085

5984

7635

8515

9543

7408

6120

8045

9125

7813

7982

Age,yrs.

 18–44

12.9

10.0

11.4

12.3

14.3

15.6

10.1

11.1

11.8

14.3

16.7

 45–64

40.4

35.8

36.9

41.0

42.2

44.7

35.3

38.3

40.5

41.1

45.6

 65–74

24.5

28.1

25.9

24.4

23.1

22.3

28.1

25.2

24.6

24.4

21.1

  ≥ 75

22.2

26.1

25.8

22.3

20.5

17.4

26.4

25.4

23.1

20.2

16.5

Sex

 Male

54.9

56.4

53.9

54.4

54.9

55.4

53.9

55.2

55.0

54.4

55.7

Race

 White

51.1

56.2

57.7

50.0

49.2

44.0

63.4

57.6

55.6

43.9

37.1

 Black

42.6

37.9

35.7

44.0

45.7

47.7

30.4

34.9

39.2

49.0

57.1

 Other

6.3

5.9

6.5

6.0

5.0

8.3

6.1

7.5

5.1

7.1

5.8

Dialysis duration, yrs.

  < 2

18.0

21.7

20.0

18.1

15.9

15.6

23.0

19.3

17.7

16.2

15.0

 2–< 4

30.5

33.3

31.9

30.9

30.0

27.0

33.5

31.3

30.5

29.1

28.6

  ≥ 4

51.5

44.9

48.1

51.1

54.1

57.4

43.4

49.4

51.8

54.7

56.4

ESRD cause, %

 Diabetes

45.2

48.0

46.3

45.2

43.6

43.7

48.5

46.7

45.7

44.1

41.5

 Hypertension

29.7

29.7

28.4

30.6

30.6

29.0

27.5

28.7

29.6

30.2

32.1

 GN

9.7

7.9

10.0

9.2

10.1

11.0

8.7

9.5

9.6

10.1

10.3

 Other cause

15.4

14.3

15.4

15.0

15.7

16.3

15.3

15.1

15.0

15.5

16.0

BMI, kg/m2

 Mean (SD)

28.2 (7.3)

28.4 (7.4)

27.9 (7.1)

28.2 (7.4)

28.2 (7.2)

28.2 (7.3)

28.5 (7.6)

28.0 (7.0)

28.0 (7.2)

28.2 (7.3)

28.3 (7.4)

Hospital days

 0

43.8

44.9

43.7

43.7

43.5

43.7

44.2

44.6

43.4

43.9

43.1

 1–4

12.5

13.0

12.3

12.7

12.4

12.1

12.2

12.7

12.2

12.7

12.4

 5–10

15.5

15.2

15.5

15.1

15.8

15.9

15.2

15.6

15.5

15.8

15.4

  ≥ 11

28.2

26.9

28.5

28.5

28.4

28.3

28.3

27.1

28.8

27.5

29.0

Comorbidity, %

 ASHD

42.1

46.0

45.5

41.2

40.5

38.5

46.2

44.5

42.6

40.7

37.3

 CHF

48.5

49.8

50.6

48.4

47.5

46.4

49.7

49.6

48.7

47.9

46.6

 CVA/TIA

17.5

18.1

17.8

18.1

17.0

16.4

18.4

18.0

17.6

17.2

16.2

 PVD

36.3

37.8

37.9

35.9

35.1

35.6

37.4

37.7

38.4

35.0

33.1

 Other cardiac

28.1

29.1

28.2

27.9

27.7

28.0

29.8

28.2

28.0

27.3

27.6

 COPD

21.4

22.1

22.2

21.5

20.9

20.6

23.1

21.2

22.6

20.0

20.3

 GI bleeding

5.9

5.5

5.7

6.3

5.9

6.0

5.6

5.6

6.2

5.9

6.2

 Liver disease

2.6

2.6

2.3

3.1

2.5

2.5

2.6

2.3

2.8

2.8

2.5

 Dysrhythmia

25.3

26.4

27.9

25.1

24.7

23.0

27.2

25.8

25.6

25.0

23.5

 Cancer

9.1

10.5

9.5

9.3

8.2

8.2

10.2

9.5

9.5

8.6

7.8

 Diabetes

63.4

65.8

64.8

64.1

62.4

60.7

67.0

64.5

64.3

62.0

60.0

 Previous CV hospitalization

25.3

25.0

25.6

25.9

25.3

24.6

24.8

25.2

25.4

24.8

26.2

 Previous PTX

0.7

0.4

0.5

0.7

0.7

1.1

0.5

0.6

0.6

0.8

0.7

Laboratory values, mean (SD)a

 PTH, pg/mL

341.7 (320.3)

294.2 (221.0)

308.7 (255.5)

339.0 (308.7)

361.9 (358.3)

391.1 (392.2)

273.3 (170.2)

296.7 (233.8)

326.1 (253.4)

368.1 (353.3)

431.3 (435.8)

 Calcium, mg/dL

9.0 (0.6)

9.1 (0.5)

9.0 (0.5)

9.0 (0.5)

9.0 (0.6)

8.9 (0.7)

9.0 (0.51)

9.0 (0.5)

9.0 (0.6)

9.0 (0.6)

9.0 (0.6)

 Phosphate, mg/dL

5.3 (1.3)

5.1 (1.2)

5.2 (1.2)

5.3 (1.3)

5.3 (1.4)

5.4 (1.4)

5.1 (1.2)

5.2 (1.3)

5.3 (1.3)

5.3 (1.3)

5.5 (1.4)

  1. Quintiles of facility-level proportion of CKD-MBD composite score were based on proportions of patients at each facility whose values were out of or above target. “Out of target” was characterized by at least two CKD-MBD laboratory values above or below defined target ranges for PTH, calcium, and phosphate. “Above target” was characterized by at least two CKD-MBD laboratory values above defined target ranges for PTH, calcium, and phosphate. Target ranges for CKD-MBD laboratory values were: 150–600 pg/mL for PTH, 8.4–10.2 mg/dL for calcium, and 3.5–5.5 mg/dL for phosphate
  2. Abbreviations: ASHD atherosclerotic heart disease; BMI body mass index; CHF congestive heart failure; CKD-MBD chronic kidney disease- mineral bone disorder; COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CV cardiovascular; CVA/TIA cerebrovascular accident/transient ischemic attack; ESRD end-stage renal disease; GI gastrointestinal; GN glomerulonephritis; PTH parathyroid hormone; PTX parathyroidectomy; PVD peripheral vascular disease; Q quintile; SD standard deviation
  3. aMean laboratory values ascertained during the 4-month baseline period