Skip to main content

Table 2 Biochemical analysis of blood and random urine samples

From: Gitelman syndrome in a South African family presenting with hypokalaemia and unusual food cravings

Participants

A

B

D

E

F

C

G

Blood

Ref ranges/units

Affected

Affected

Affected

Affected

Affected

Unaffected

Unaffected

Sodium

136–146 mmol/L

141

143

142

140

146

137

133

Potassium (lowest)

3.5–5.1 mmol/L

2.8

2.6

2.8

2.8

2.9

3.6

4.0

Potassium (latest)

3.5–5.1 mmol/L

3.2

3.0

3.0

3.2

4.1

4.1

4.4

Chloride

101–109 mmol/L

100

100

103

101

103

102

102

Urea

2.8–7.2 mmol/L

5.8

7.7

11.7

9.9

13.5

6.4

6.4

Creatinine

59–104 μmol/L

94

82

86

92

111

88

48

eGFR

mL/min/1.73 m2

66a

82a

57

55

62a

98

102

Corrected calcium

2.20–2.65 mmol/L

2.33

2.19

2.40

2.32

2.30

2.26

2.23

Albumin

35–52 g/L

41

42

40

44

43

45

43

Magnesium

0.73–1.06 mmol/L

0.85

0.96

0.83

0.77

0.85

1.00

0.97

Phosphate

0.81–1.45 mmol/L

1.08

0.78

1.00

1.00

0.96

1.32

1.43

Alkaline phosphatase

30–120 IU/L

36

43

70

71

47

52

111

Cortisol

am 184–618; pm <276 nmol/L

291

385

203

204

318

145

125

pH

7.36–7.44

7.37

7.38

7.41

7.35

7.35

7.42

7.39

Bicarbonate

23–27 mmol/L

32.3

30.3

30.0

30.0

31.6

27.0

26.0

Renin

2.7–27.7 ng/L (erect)

46.4

40.3

9.1

41.4

68.3

10.6

Not done

Aldosterone

49–1066 pmol/L

152

146

336

357

231

273

Not done

Aldo:renin ratio

<118 pmol/ng

3.3

3.6

36.9

8.6

3.4

25.8

Not done

Urine

 FE sodium

%

1.8

1.6

0.1

0.8

0.8

0.3

0.1

 FE potassium

%

17.5

25.5

18.3

53.0

23.3

5.3

3.1

 FE chloride

%

1.6

2.2

0.5

2.4

1.3

0.5

0.1

 FE magnesium

%

1.4

2.5

0.7

4.5

3.5

0.9

0.4

 K:creat ratio

<1.5 mmol/mmol in hypokalaemia

6.0

9.3

6.4

18.4

8.6

2.5

6.4

 Ca:creat ratio

mmol/mmol

0.04

0.03

0.07

0.18

0.07

0.23

0.22

 Mg:creat ratio

mmol/mmol

0.13

0.03

0.07

0.38

0.27

0.10

0.08

 Osmolality

mOsm/kg

813

888

638

539

1049

968

725

 pH

6.0

8.0

7.0

7.5

6.5

5.0

5.0

5.0

 Protein:creat ratio

<0.2 mg/mg

0.15

0.12

0.12

0.18

0.08

0.09

0.08

  1. eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate as calculated by the CKD-EPI and aMDRD formulae; FE fractional excretion in %