Characteristics | End-of-life Inpatient Costs | Surgical Interventions | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Exponentiated Coefficients | 95% Confidence Interval | Odds Ratios | 95% Confidence Interval | ||
Patient | Age at death (in tens, '0) | 0.97*** | (0.95–0.98) | 0.88*** | (0.86–0.90) |
Sex (=female) | 1.03* | (1.00–1.05) | 1.10*** | (1.07–1.14) | |
ESRD | 1.29*** | (1.24–1.33) | 1.33*** | (1.25–1.42) | |
Insurable monthly earnings (=average and above) | 0.87*** | (0.84–0.90) | 0.94** | (0.90–0.99) | |
Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) | 0.97*** | (0.96–0.98) | 0.93*** | (0.91–0.94) | |
Physician | Physician age (in tens, '0) | 0.94*** | (0.91–0.97) | 0.86*** | (0.81–0.91) |
Physician sex (=female) | 0.94 | (0.87–1.02) | 0.91 | (0.82–1.01) | |
Specialty of primary attending physician | |||||
 Nephrologist | 0.74*** | (0.70–0.78) | 1.37*** | (1.26–1.49) | |
 Family medicine | 0.62*** | (0.55–0.71) | 0.60*** | (0.48–0.75) | |
 Surgeon | 1.11* | (1.02–1.21) | 3.56*** | (3.20–3.97) | |
Facility | Primary hospital- accreditation level | ||||
 Medical Centers | 1.59*** | (1.41–1.80) | 1.88*** | (1.65–2.15) | |
 Regional Hospitals | 1.17** | (1.06–1.28) | 1.40*** | (1.24–1.59) | |
 Local Hospitals (Ref.) | - | - | - | - | |
Primary hospital- ownership (=private) | 1.06 | (0.98–1.14) | 1.06 | (0.96–1.16) | |
Teaching hospital | 0.96 | (0.85–1.08) | 1.43*** | (1.22–1.69) | |
Region | Number of hospital in the region (in tens, '0) | 1.02 | (0.98–1.06) | 1.02 | (0.98–1.07) |
Number of beds in the region (in hundreds, '00) | 1.00 | (1.00–1.00) | 1.00 | (1.00–1.00) | |
Time Trend | Overall time trend (Year) | 1.04*** | (1.02–1.05) | 1.02 | (1.00–1.05) |
Difference in trend post 2009 (=Year-2009, for year ≥ 2009) | 0.91*** | (0.89–0.93) | 0.91*** | (0.87–0.96) |