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Table 1 Performance of biomarker correlation with fibrosis on renal biopsy

From: Biomarkers for the detection of renal fibrosis and prediction of renal outcomes: a systematic review

Reference

Biomarker

Patient Population

N (%)*

Grading of fibrosis on biopsy

Time from biomarker evaluation to biopsy

Correlation Coefficient

AUC/Specificity/Sensitivity

Correlation Coefficient r >0.40 or AUC >0.65

El Ghoul et al [14]

Urine PIIINP

Biopsies for clinical reasons

118

Banff 2003/ Semi-quantitatively

Within 1 month

r = 0.32 p < 0.001

NR

Teppo et al [15]

Urine PIIINP

Transplant recipients

79

Banff 1997/ Semi-quantitatively

Same timea

r = 0.41 p < 0.001

To predict no fibrosis urine PIIINP <100 ng/mmol

NR/84%/83%

Soylemezoglu et al [16]

Urine and blood PIIINP

Biopsies for clinical reasons

40

Morphometric analysis

Same time

Urine PIIINP

r = 0.51 p < 0.01

Blood PIIINP

r = 0.49 p < 0.01

NR

Honkanen et al [20]

Urine TGF- β

Idiopathic membranous glomeruloneph-ritis

27

Semi-quantitatively

Same time and 1 year prior to biopsyb

r = 0.29 p = 0.2

(same time)

r = 0.86 p = 0.01

(1 year prior)

NR

Susianti et al [21]

Urine TGF- β

Lupus nephritis

58(76)

Semi-quantitatively

Same time

r = 0.60 p < 0.001

0.90/85%/84%

Murakami et al [22]

Urine TGF-β

Glomerulopat-hy

42

Semi-quantitatively

Same time

NR

NR

Zhang et al [24]

Urine MCP-1

Urine Hepcidin

Urine LFABP

Lupus nephritis

61

Semi-quantitatively

Within 24 h

NR

NR

NR

0.66/59%/65%

0.48/93%/35%

0.60/85%/41%

Chang et al [25]

Blood PAI-1

Transplant recipients

50

CADI score

Same time

r = 0.41 p = 0.003

NR

Sanders et al [26]

Urine MMP-2

Urine TIMP-1

ANCA vasculitis

29

Semi-quantitatively

Same time

Urine MMP-2

r = 0.41 p = 0.02

Urine TIMP-1

r = 0.35 p = 0.05

NR

Correlation Coefficient r ≤0.40 and AUC ≤0.65

Grenzi et al [18]

Blood CD30

Transplant

Recipients

511(25)

Banff 2007

10 days to 9.8 years

NR

NR

Amer et al [10]

Urine RBP

Transplant recipients

221(36)

Banff 1997

Same time

r = 0.20 p = 0.003

NR

Barbosa de Deus et al [11]

Urine RBP

Glomerulopa-thy

100

Image digitalization

Same time

NR

NR

Pallet et al [12]

Urine RBP

Biopsies for clinical reasons

162

Numerical quantification software

Same time

r = 0.33 p = 0.001

Fibrosis score > 25%

NR/95%/20%

Zhu et al [13]

Blood VCAM-1

IgA nephropathy

327(23)

Oxford classification

Same time

NR

NR

Metalidis et al [17]

Urine CTGF

Transplant recipients

3151

225

Banff 1997

Same time and 21 months apart

NR

Same time

AUC = 0.63

21 months:

AUC = 0.65

Liu et al [19]

Urine MBL

IgA nephropathy

162

Lee’s classification/ Oxford classification

Same time

NR

NR

Lu et al [23]

Urine SGK-1

IgA nephropathy

76

Oxford classification

Same time

r = 0.24 p = 0.04 (adjusted for M)c

r = 0.37 p = 0.001

(adjusted for E)c

r = 0.34 p = 0.003

(adjusted for S)c

NR

  1. ANCA anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies, AUC area under the curve, CADI chronic allograft damage index, CTGF connective tissue growth factor, LFABP liver-type fatty acid-binding protein, MBL mannose-binding lectin, MCP-1 monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, MMP-2 matrix metalloproteinase-2, NR not reported, PAI-1 plasminogen activator inhibitor 1, PIIINP amino-terminal propeptide of type III procollagen, RBP retinol- binding protein, SGK-1 serum- and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase, TIMP-1 tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1, TGF- β transforming growth factor-beta, VCAM vascular cell adhesion molecule 1
  2. * When provided by study, ‘N’ represents the total number of participants receiving a biopsy and (%) is those with fibrosis on biopsy
  3. 1315 had CTGF level drawn same time as biopsy, but only 225 had CTGF drawn 21-month prior to biopsy
  4. aSome biopsies were done a few days apart from biomarker measurement
  5. b7 patients had biomarker measured 1 year prior to biopsy
  6. c M mesangial hypercellularity, S segmental glomerulosclerosis, E endocapillary hypercellularity
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BMC Nephrology

ISSN: 1471-2369

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