Table 2 Guideline recommended care vs. received care

HbA1c < 8% (64 mmol/mol) when eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m² [7]

68.1% (192/282)

31.9% (90/282)

<0.00001

Blood pressure < 140/90 mmHg [7, 8]

60.7% (187/308)

39.3% (121/308)

<0.00001

A statin is recommended in patients with non-dialysis dependent CKD [7]

82.3% (205/249)

17.7% (44/249)

<0.00001

In the setting of diabetic retinopathy, eye examinations should be repeated annually by an optometrist/ophthalmologist [20]

87.8% (108/123)

12.2% (15/123)

<0.00001

In the setting of peripheral neuropathy feet should be examined every 3 months [20, 37]

49.1% (53/108)

50.9% (55/108)

0.68

Metformin should be ceased if eGFR ≤ 30 ml/min/m² [7]

96.2% (154/160)

3.8% (6/160)

<0.00001

ESA^a prescribed if Hb < 100 g/L, allowing for individualisation [19]

50.0% (11/22)

50.0% (11/22)

1.00

Hb between 100 and 115 g/L while on ESA [19]

31.3% (20/64)

68.8% (44/64)

<0.00001