Characteristic | All | n (%) |
---|---|---|
Clinical manifestations | Â | Â |
Reduced urine volume | 258 | 128 (49.6) |
Renal tenderness | 258 | 114 (44.2) |
Gross hematuria | 258 | 46 (17.8) |
Dark- colored urine | 258 | 25 (9.7) |
Urinalysis and urine chemistries | Â | Â |
Urine protein-to-creatinine ratio ≥1 | 186 | 112 (60.2) |
Microscopic hematuria | 255 | 81 (31.4) |
Pigmenturia | 255 | 38 (14.7) |
Leukocyturia | 255 | 22 (8.5) |
Blood chemistry | Â | Â |
Acute kidney injury | 258 | 140 (54.3) |
 At presentation | 140 | 88 (62.9) |
 During hospitalization | 140 | 52 (37.1) |
Serum sodium | Â | Â |
 Hyponatremia | 258 | 115 (44.6) |
 Hypernatremia | 258 | 5 (1.9) |
Serum potassium | Â | Â |
 Hypokalemia | 258 | 52 (20.2) |
 Hyperkalemia | 258 | 19 (7.4) |
Serum calcium | Â | Â |
 Hypocalcemia | 256 | 88 (34.4) |
 Hypercalcemia | 256 | 6 (2.3) |
Serum phosphate | Â | Â |
 Hypophosphatemia | 256 | 20 (7.8) |
 Hyperphosphatemia | 256 | 68 (26.6) |
Serum bicarbonate | Â | Â |
 Metabolic acidosis | 258 | 22 (8.5) |
 Metabolic alkalosis | 258 | 1 (0.4) |