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Table 4 Results of multilevel logistic regression analyses using the 12 components of the urbanization index among Chinese participants (2009)

From: The association between urbanization and reduced renal function: findings from the China Health and Nutrition Survey

 

Male participants

Female participants

Urbanization componentsa

OR

95% CI

p-value

OR

95% CI

p-value

Population Density

1.13

0.88, 1.46

0.330

1.07

0.87, 1.32

0.498

Economic Component

0.90

0.64, 1.27

0.551

0.99

0.75, 1.31

0.960

Traditional Market

1.21

0.93, 1.58

0.161

1.27

1.01, 1.58

0.036

Modern Market

1.08

0.80, 1.47

0.606

1.23

0.95, 1.59

0.117

Transportation

0.90

0.71, 1.15

0.398

1.09

0.90, 1.32

0.391

Sanitation

0.90

0.61, 1.32

0.576

0.83

0.60, 1.15

0.272

Communications

0.85

0.63, 1.13

0.262

0.75

0.59, 0.95

0.017

Housing

1.51

1.01, 2.28

0.047

1.39

1.01, 1.93

0.046

Education

1.05

0.77, 1.42

0.762

1.17

0.90, 1.52

0.252

Diversity

0.84

0.64, 1.10

0.203

0.81

0.64, 1.01

0.064

Health

0.87

0.69, 1.11

0.261

0.80

0.66, 0.98

0.031

Social Service

1.16

0.92, 1.48

0.217

1.04

0.85, 1.28

0.689

  1. Models were adjusted for age (in years), educational attainment (primary education or less, junior high school, high school and attained further education), household income, health-related behavior and cardiometabolic risk factors
  2. aResults are expressed per one-SD increase