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Table 1 Demographic, clinical and angiographic data at baseline and in-hospital characteristics of study cohort

From: C-terminal fragment of agrin (CAF) levels predict acute kidney injury after acute myocardial infarction

Variable

Study Cohort (n = 403)

Age, years

62 (13)

Age > 70 years, n(%)

132 (33)

BMI, Kg/m2

28 (4)

BSA, m2 a

1.97 (0.2)

Male/Female, n(%)

314 (78) / 89 (22)

Risk Factors

 Hypertension, n(%)

226 (56)

 Diabetes mellitus, n(%)

104 (26)

 Dyslipidemia, n(%)

161 (40)

 Current smokers, n(%)

219 (54)

Co-morbidities

 Previous MI, n(%)

65 (16)

 Chronic heart failure, n(%)

6 (1.5)

 Peripheral arterial disease, n(%)

22 (6)

 Previous stroke or TIA, n(%)

31 (8)

Atrial fibrillation, n(%)

 

 Paroxysmal

7 (1.5)

 Chronic

14 (4)

Valvular disease, n(%)

5 (1)

Previous PCI, n(%)

45(11)

Previous CABG, n(%)

10 (2.5)

Anemia, n(%)

66 (16)

Laboratory Data

 Glucose at admission, mg/dl

153 (70)

 Hematocrit at admission, %

42 (5)

 Hemoglobin at admission, g/dL

14.2 (1.7)

 Baseline creatinine, mg/dL

0.98 (0.25)

 Creatinine at 48 h, mg/dL

1.03 (0.31)

 Peak Creatinine during hospitalization, mg/dL

1.12 (0.47)

 Baseline eGFR, mL/min b

94 (35)

 eGFR at 48 h, mL/min b

91 (38)

 Lowest eGFR during hospitalization, mL/min b

85 (33)

 Baseline eGFR classification, n(%)

 

  >90 ml/min

199 (49)

  60-90 ml/min

142 (35)

  <60 ml/min

62 (16)

Ejection fraction during hospitalization, n(%)

 

 Normal (>55%)

230 (57)

  Mildly reduced (45-55%)

106 (26)

  Moderately reduced (35-44%)

60 (14.5)

  Severely reduced (<35%)

7 (1.5)

Total Cholesterol, mg/dL

204 (49)

LDL Cholesterol, mg/dL

129 (43)

HDL Cholesterol, mg/dL

44 (18)

Triglycerides, mg/dL

155 (98)

CPK at admission, IU/L

201 (106-566)

CK-MB at admission, IU/L

32 (19-62)

Peak CPK during hospitalization, IU/L

1130 (400-2001)

Peak CK-MB during hospitalization, IU/L

91 (37-179)

Peak CRP during hospitalization, mg/dL

4.3 (1.45-8.90)

Hospitalization Data

 Type of Acute Coronary Syndrome

   STEMI, n(%)

288 (71)

   NSTEMI, n(%)

115 (29)

 Site of MI

   Inferior, n(%)

129 (32)

    Anterior, n(%)

169 (41.5)

   Lateral, n(%)

42 (10)

   Infero-lateral, n(%)

13 (3.5)

   Antero-lateral, n(%)

47(11.5)

    Posterior, n(%)

3 (1.5)

Heart rate at admission, bpm

80 (18)

Systolic BP at admission, mmHg

135 (26)

Diastolic BP at admission, mmHg

78 (12)

Low BP (<90 mmHg) at admission, n(%)

20 (5)

Time from symptom onset, hours

6.5 (2-11)

TIMI risk score, n

3 (1-4)

 Killip class, n(%)

   Class I

368 (91)

   Class II

24 (6)

    Class III

8 (2)

    Class IV

3 (1)

 Coronary artery disease, n(%)

  Non-significant disease

17 (4)

   1-vessel

218 (54)

   2-vessel

103 (25)

   3-vessel

65 (17)

  Left main stem disease

25 (6)

 ACS treatment strategy, n(%)

 

   Invasive during hospitalization

261 (65)

  Primarily conservative

142 (35)

 IV treatment with, n(%)

   Thrombolysis

172 (42)

    GP IIb/IIIa inhibitors

50 (12.5)

  β-blockers

38 (9.5)

   Use of inotropic support

(catecholamine use or balloon counterpulsation)

17 (4)

   Diuretics

27 (6)

   Anti-arrhythmics

48 (11.5)

Adverse events, n(%)

96 (23)

 Recurrent ischemia

20 (5)

 Re-infarction

14 (3.5)

 Hemodynamic collapse [9]

16 (4)

 Tachyarrhythmia requiring intervention

38 (9.5)

 Bradyarrhythmia requiring intervention

13 (3.5)

 Acute heart failure during hospitalization

31 (7)

 Major bleeding complications [10]

3 (1)

 Acute mitral valve regurgitation (severe)

4 (1)

 Pericarditis

3 (1)

Hospitalization (days)

5 (4-7)

Prior Medication Use

 ACE- inhibitors, n(%)

128 (31)

 Angiotensin receptor blockers, n(%)

89 (22)

 Diuretics, n(%)

65 (16)

 Aldosterone antagonists, n(%)

18 (4)

 Nitrates, n(%)

36 (8)

 Digitalis, n(%)

11 (2.5)

 β- blockers, n(%)

123 (30.5)

 Calcium channel blockers, n(%)

43 (10)

 Amiodarone, n(%)

15 (3.5)

 Statins, n(%)

164 (40)

 Fibrates, n(%)

1 (0.2)

 Aspirin, n(%)

115 (28)

 P2Y12 antiplatelets, n(%)

108 (26)

 Anticoagulants, n(%)

9 (2)

 Anti-diabetics, n(%)

55 (13)

 Metformin, n(%)

35 (8)

 Insulin, n(%)

16 (4)

  1. Values are expressed as means (with the corresponding standard deviation) or medians (with the corresponding interquartitile range) for continuous variables, and as numbers of patients and percentages for categorical variables
  2. ACE angiotensin converting enzyme, BMI body mass index, BP blood pressure, CABG coronary artery bypass graft surgery, CK-MB creatinine kinase myocardial fraction, CPK creatine phosphokinase, CRP C-reactive protein, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, GP glycoprotein, HDL high density lipoprotein, IV intravenous, MI myocardial infarction, NSTEMI non ST elevation myocardial infarction, LDL low density lipoprotein, CAF C- terminal agrin fragment levels, Cyst-C cystatin-C, IL-18 interleukin-18, NGAL neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention, STEMI ST elevation myocardial infarction, TIA transient ischemic attack, TIMI Thrombolysis in myocardial infarction
  3. aCalculated using the Mosteller formula
  4. bCalculated using the Cockcroft-Gault formula