Association between periodontal disease and mortality in people with CKD: a meta-analysis of cohort studies

BMC Nephrology

Table 1 Characteristics of included studies

Study	Design	Region	Age (years)	No. of participants (no. of male participants)	Median follow-up duration (years)	CKD stage	Assessment methods and definitions for periodontal disease	Outcome assessment
Blach (26) 2009	Prospective cohort study	Poland	Mean 42.5 years	117 (77)	60 months	Kidney transplantation	CPITN	All cause death
Kshirsagar (15) 2009	Retrospective study	America	Mean 53.6 years	168 (77)	18 months	hemodialysis	PPD, CAL	All cause and cardiovascular death
Chen (16) 2011	Prospective cohort study	Taiwan	58.8 ± 0.8 years	253 (117)	6 years	Hemodialysis	PPD, CAL	All cause and cardiovascular death
Souza (24) 2014	Prospective cohort study	Brazil	Mean 50 years	122 (79)	64.1 ± 11.2 months	Clinically stable patients undergoing HD	PPD, CAL	All cause death
Palmer (28) 2015	Prospective cohort study	Europe and South America	Mean 59.1 years	3338 (1973)	6150 person-years of follow-up	Hemodialysis	CPITN	All cause and cardiovascular death
Ricardo (14) 2015	Prospective cohort study	America	Mean 53.5 years	1335 (544)	14 years	CKD	PPD, CAL	All cause and cardiovascular death
Chen (27) 2015	Longitudinal, observational, community-based cohort study	Taiwan	≥65 years	NA	3.8 years	CKD without ESRD	CPITN	All-cause death
Ruokonen (25) 2016	Prospective cohort study	Finland		144 (97)	157 months	Predialysis	PPD,CAL	All cause death

Abbreviations: PPD periodontal probing depth, CAL clinical attachment loss, PDI periodontal disease index, CPITN Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs, BMI body mass index, CVD chronic vascular disease, CRP high sensitivity C-reaction protein, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, DMF-T decayed, missing, and filled teeth index, NA not available

ISSN: 1471-2369