Patient’s and physician’s awareness of kidney disease in coronary heart disease patients – a cross-sectional analysis of the German subset of the EUROASPIRE IV survey

Table 3 Patient characteristics at the EUROASPIRE IV study visit by chronic kidney disease^a

	normal kidney function n = 345 (65.1%)	chronic kidney disease n = 185 (34.9%)	p-value
Age, yrs	65.4 (59.6; 72.2)	73.4 (66.5; 77.0)	<0.001
Male gender	291 (84.4%)	145 (78.4%)	0.09
Total year in education, yrs	12 (11; 15)	11 (11; 14)	<0.001
Education level (higher vs. lower levels^b)	72 (20.9%)	27 (14.6%)	0.08
History of CHD
Duration of CHD	2.7 (1.9; 6.4)	3.4 (2.0; 12.9)	<0.01
CHD history
- CABG	77 (22.3%)	59 (31.9%)	0.02
- PCI/stent	278 (78.6%)	138 (74.6%)	0.12
- AMI	131 (38.0%)	49 (42.7%)	0.30
History of heart failure	40 (11.6%)	38 (20.7%)	<0.01
History of stroke	33 (9.8%)	22 (11.9%)	0.45
History of peripheral artery disease	18 (5.2%)	29 (15.7%)	<0.001
Classic CV risk factors
BMI [kg/m²]	28.0 (25.9; 30.7)	29.5 (27.0; 32.8)	<0.001
Overweight (BMI ≥25)	281 (82.2%)	168 (91.3%)	<0.01
Obesity (BMI ≥30)	105 (30.7%)	86 (46.7%)	<0.001
Blood pressure
Systolic	133 (122; 148)	138 (128; 152)	<0.01
Diastolic	80 (73; 87)	81 (73; 88)	0.67
Hypertension^c	142 (41.2%)	96 (52.2%)	0.02
LDL-cholesterol (mmol/l)	2.59 (2.16; 3.14)	2.43 (1.98; 2.98)	0.02
Hyperlipidemia
LDL cholesterol ≥2.5 mmol/l	188 (56.1%)	77 (45.6%)	0.03
LDL cholesterol ≥1.8 mmol/l	307 (91.6%)	143 (84.6%)	0.02
Diabetes^d	70 (20.5%)	75 (41.4%)	<0.001
Smoking^e	49 (14.2%)	14 (7.6%)	0.02
Chronic kidney disease
SCr_study-visit (mg/dl)	1.0 (0.8; 1.0)	1.2 (1.1; 1.4)	<0.001
eGFR_CKD-EPI (ml/min/1.73m²)	81.0 (71.2; 90.4)	53.9 (46.6; 62.6)	<0.001
ACR_study-visit (mg/g)	2.9 (0; 7.4)	20.4 (5.0; 78.5)	<0.001
Information on impaired kidney function in a discharge letter of a hospital stay due to CHD^f	6 (1.9%)	31 (19.0%)	<0.001

Data are n(%), median (inter quartile range), analyses restricted to patients without missing values in respective variables
Abbreviations: CHD coronary heart disease, CABG coronary artery bypass grafting, PCI percutaneous coronary intervention, AMI acute myocardial infarction, BMI body mass index, LDL low density lipoprotein, SCr serum creatinine, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, ACR urinary albumin/creatinine ratio
^aCKD (stages CKD-G3 and higher, G2A2, G2A3, G1A3) vs. normal kidney function (G1A1, G1A2, G2A1)
^bHigher (intermediate between secondary level and university [e.g. technical training], College/University completed, post graduate degree) vs. lower levels of education
^cAs recommended by the German Society of Cardiology as blood pressure ≥ 140/90 mmHg, ≥140/80 mmHg in patients with diabetes, ≥140/85 mmHg in diabetes, ≥150/90 mmHg in patients >80 years, ≥130/90 mmHg in patients with CKD
^dSelf-reported diabetes or impaired fasting glucose/impaired glucose tolerance
^eSelf-reported or CO >10 ppm
^fEUROASPIRE IV index hospital stay

ISSN: 1471-2369