Table 3 All-cause mortality rates and causes of death among the four groups stratified by referral timing and history of volume overload
G1: Not late referral without history of volume overload (n = 916) | G2: Late referral without history of volume overload (n = 178) | G3: Not late referral with history of volume overload (n = 284) | G4: Late referral with history of volume overload (n = 97) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total number of all-cause deaths, n | 133 | 29 | 66 | 32 | ||||||||||||
Incidence rate of all-cause death, per 100 person-years | 6.5 | 7.2 | 10.7 | 17.6 | ||||||||||||
Cause of death | ||||||||||||||||
Cardiovascular disease, n (%) | 45 | (34%) | 5 | (17%) | 30 | (45%) | 19 | (57%) | ||||||||
Heart failure | 10 | (8%) | 2 | (7%) | 14 | (21%) | 9 | (27%) | ||||||||
Coronary heart disease | 5 | (4%) | 0 | (0%) | 7 | (11%) | 5 | (15%) | ||||||||
Sudden cardiac death | 14 | (11%) | 1 | (3%) | 4 | (6%) | 1 | (3%) | ||||||||
Stroke | 13 | (10%) | 2 | (7%) | 3 | (5%) | 4 | (12%) | ||||||||
Aortic disease | 3 | (2%) | 0 | (0%) | 2 | (3%) | 0 | (0%) | ||||||||
Infection, n (%) | 33 | (25%) | 6 | (21%) | 12 | (18%) | 3 | (9%) | ||||||||
Malignant tumor, n (%) | 32 | (24%) | 6 | (21%) | 5 | (8%) | 2 | (6%) | ||||||||
Other, n (%) | 14 | (11%) | 10 | (34%) | 15 | (23%) | 5 | (15%) | ||||||||
Unknown, n (%) | 9 | (7%) | 2 | (7%) | 4 | (6%) | 3 | (9%) | ||||||||