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Table 1 Baseline demographic, clinical, laboratory, and hemodynamic characteristics of the study population by eGFR

From: Epidemiology and risk factors in CKD patients with pulmonary hypertension: a retrospective study

 

All

CKD1

CKD2

CKD3

CKD4

CKD5

No. of patients

705

84

63

108

132

318

Age (years)

48.12 ± 15.02

39.50 ± 15.59

45.49 ± 15.10

49.52 ± 15.15

51.54 ± 15.30

46.44 ± 14.63

Gender

 Male, n (%)

390 (55.32%)

44 (52.38%)

25 (39.68%)

75 (69.44%)

85 (64.39%)

161 (52.83%)

 Female, n (%)

315 (44.68%)

40 (47.62%)

38 (60.32%)

33 (30.56%)

47 (35.61%)

157 (47.17%)

BMI (kg/m2)

22.32 ± 4.45

21.88 ± 4.08

22.43 ± 4.58

22.04 ± 4.56

22.19 ± 3.88

22.56 ± 4.70

Etiology of CKD, n (%)

 Glomerulonephritis

481 (68.23%)

65 (77.38%)

39 (61.90%)

79 (73.15%)

83 (62.88%)

215 (67.61%)

 Diabetic nephropathy

104 (14.75%)

9 (10.71%)

13 (20.63%)

12 (11.11%)

25 (18.94%)

45 (14.15%)

 Hypertensive nephropathy

57 (8.09%)

4 (4.76%)

6 (9.52%)

9 (8.33%)

13 (9.85%)

25 (7.86%)

 Lupus nephritis

14 (1.99%)

0 (0%)

1 (1.59%)

1 (0.93%)

5 (3.79%)

7 (2.20%)

 Polycystic kidney disease

20 (2.84%)

3 (3.57%)

1 (1.59%)

3 (2.78%)

1 (0.76%)

12 (3.77%)

 Others

29 (4.11%)

3 (3.57%)

3 (4.76%)

4 (3.70%)

5 (3.79%)

14 (4.40%)

Medications, n (%)

 ACEI or ARB

294 (41.70%)

49 (58.33%)

16 (25.40%)

0 (0%)

51 (38.64%)

178 (55.97%)

 Diuretics

88 (12.48%)

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

28 (25.93%)

24 (18.18%)

36 (11.32%)

 CCB

407 (57.73%)

21 (25%)

21 (25%)

64 (59.26%)

92 (69.70%)

209 (65.72%)

 β-blocker

285 (40.43%)

13 (15.48%)

16 (25.40%)

43 (39.81%)

64 (48.48%)

149 (46.86%)

 α-blocker

18 (2.55%)

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

2 (1.85%)

5 (3.79%)

11 (3.46%)

 Digoxin

14 (1.99%)

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

14 (4.40%)

 Warfarin

26 (3.69%)

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

12 (11.11%)

0 (0%)

14 (4.40%)

 Prostacyclin

247 (35.04%)

0 (0%)

12 (19.05%)

76 (70.37%)

82 (62.12%)

77 (24.21%)

Laboratory tests

 Hb (g/L)

94.19 ± 23.46

103.66 ± 20.54

100.68 ± 21.29

103.05 ± 26.33

94.64 ± 23.56

87.22 ± 21.26

 ALB (g/L)

34.75 ± 5.68

35.60 ± 5.07

34.39 ± 5.26

34.80 ± 5.59

34.27 ± 5.25

34.78 ± 6.11

 TC (mmol/L)

4.37 ± 1.16

4.41 ± 0.98

4.50 ± 1.28

4.44 ± 1.30

4.12 ± 0.93

4.41 ± 1.21

 TG (mmol/L)

1.68 ± 1.10

1.52 ± 0.82

1.53 ± 0.80

1.66 ± 1.03

1.82 ± 1.26

1.70 ± 1.17

 Proteinuria (mg/24 h)

1783.13 ± 1233.31

1387.64 ± 1016.40

1586.44 ± 1122.68

1543.20 ± 1207.24

1699.50 ± 1158.92

2042.75 ± 1294.12

 Ca (mmol/L)

2.17 ± 0.19

2.20 ± 0.11

2.16 ± 0.11

2.27 ± 0.12

2.22 ± 0.14

2.22 ± 0.24

 P (mmol/L)

1.41 ± 0.52

0.99 ± 0.12

1.04 ± 0.13

1.11 ± 0.13

1.25 ± 0.23

1.76 ± 0.57

 PTH (pg/ml)

326.20 ± 180.71

271.98 ± 123.31

334.10 ± 182.36

290.55 ± 153.09

320.75 ± 146.67

353.33 ± 207.99

 Ferritin (ng/ml)

350.27 ± 192.52

319.08 ± 95.40

331.24 ± 92.25

366.82 ± 258.77

354.95 ± 132.96

354.72 ± 218.88

 SI (μmol/L)

12.38 ± 5.62

12.74 ± 4.88

12.36 ± 5.62

12.49 ± 5.36

11.60 ± 5.69

12.58 ± 5.86

 C3 (g/L)

0.96 ± 0.29

1.01 ± 0.32

0.96 ± 0.29

0.98 ± 0.31

0.93 ± 0.31

0.94 ± 0.27

Hemodynamics

 SBP (mmHg)

141.24 ± 14.14

137.43 ± 12.18

138.30 ± 9.89

138.45 ± 16.09

142.33 ± 14.78

143.32 ± 13.97

 DBP (mmHg)

85.44 ± 9.80

82.41 ± 9.21

84.48 ± 8.34

84.43 ± 10.35

84.28 ± 10.08

87.26 ± 9.62

 PASP (mmHg)

39.39 ± 13.86

32.40 ± 9.35

38.38 ± 14.66

38.04 ± 13.69

38.86 ± 13.78

42.13 ± 14.09

 LVEF (%)

62.05 ± 10.04

65.08 ± 10.02

64.81 ± 6.49

63.92 ± 8.46

61.45 ± 9.88

60.31 ± 10.79

  1. eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, CKD chronic kidney disease, BMI body mass index, ACEI angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, ARB angiotensin receptor blocker, CCB calcium channel blocker, Hb hemoglobin, ALB albumin, TC total cholesterol, TG triglyceride, PTH parathyroid hormone, SI serum iron, SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure, PASP pulmonary artery systolic pressure, LVEF left ventricular ejection fraction. Results are reported as means ± standard deviation