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Table 1 Characteristics of the study population stratified by tertiles of 24-h Uur

From: Urinary excretion of uric acid is negatively associated with albuminuria in patients with chronic kidney disease: a cross-sectional study

Variables

All (n = 200)

U0 (n = 63)

U1 (n = 74)

U2 (n = 63)

P value

< 2.0 mmol/24 h/1.73m2

2.0–2.9 mmol/24 h/1.73m2

> 2.9 mmol/24 h/1.73m2

Male gender (%)

46.5

33.3

50.0*

55.6*

0.033

Age (years)

53.5 ± 17.2

58.7 ± 16.9

56.6 ± 16.8

44.5 ± 14.3**

< 0.001

BMI (kg/m2)

23.9 ± 3.8

22.3 ± 2.9

24.0 ± 3.8*

25.4 ± 3.9**

< 0.001

eGFR (ml/min/1.73m2)

65.2 ± 39.3

40.5 ± 36.8

66.4 ± 34.8**

88.8 ± 31.5**

< 0.001

SUA (umol/L)

363.6 ± 102.0

399.0 ± 123.7

364.9 ± 91.7

326.6 ± 74.1**

< 0.001

TC (mmol/L)

4.8 ± 1.3

4.8 ± 1.0

4.8 ± 1.1

4.9 ± 1.6

0.865

TG (mmol/L)

1.5 (1.0, 2.2)

1.4 (1.0, 2.1)

1.5 (1.1, 2.5)

1.5 (1.0, 2.2)

0.599

HDL (mmol/L)

1.3 ± 0.3

1.3 ± 0.3

1.3 ± 0.4

1.3 ± 0.3

0.516

LDL (mmol/L)

2.8 ± 0.9

2.8 ± 0.8

2.9 ± 0.9

2.8 ± 1.0

0.903

HbA1c (%)

6.0 ± 1.1

5.8 ± 0.9

6.3 ± 1.4

6.0 ± 0.9

0.097

FBG (mmol/L)

5.1 ± 1.5

4.8 ± 1.3

5.2 ± 1.9

5.2 ± 1.0

0.205

CRP (mg/L)

2.5 (0.8, 4.9)

1.8 (0.8, 4.3)

2.6 (0.8, 6.1)

2.8 (0.8, 4.9)

0.508

UpH

6.2 ± 0.6

6.4 ± 0.7

6.1 ± 0.5*

6.2 ± 0.5

0.001

UV (ml/24 h)

1850.9 ± 691.1

1609.2 ± 569.6

1895.4 ± 598.2*

2040.2 ± 830.0**

0.001

Ug (mmol/24 h/1.73m2)

0.6 (0.2, 2.0)

0.4 (0.2, 4.8)

0.5 (0.3, 1.4)

0.8 (0.3, 1.8)

0.465

UACR (mg/mmol)

24.6 (3.9, 131.8)

61.3 (15.8, 219.5)

26.3 (3.9, 126.8)

9.6 (2.0, 50.7) *

0.002

UBCR (mg/mmol)

0.08 (0.0, 0.5)

0.2 (0.0, 3.2)

0.1 (0.0, 0.5) **

0.1 (0.0, 0.1) **

< 0.001

Hypertension (%)

60.0

71.4

64.9

42.9*

0.003

Diabetes (%)

28.0

27.0

29.7

27.0

0.917

Hyperuricemia (%)

22.5

36.5.

21.6

9.5**

0.001

FEur (%)

7.4 (5.8, 11.6)

9.6 (6.2, 16.8)

7.3 (5.5, 10.4)

6.8 (5.6, 9.8) *

0.008

Cur (ml/min/1.73m2)

5.5 ± 3.3

3.0 ± 1.9

5.0 ± 1.6**

8.6 ± 2.6**

< 0.001

  1. Abbreviations: BMI body mass index, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, CRP C-reactive protein, TC total cholesterol, TG triglycerides, HDL high-density lipoprotein, LDL low-density lipoprotein, HbA1c hemoglobin A1c, FBG fasting blood glucose, SUA serum uric acid, Ug urinary glucose, UV urinary volume, UpH urinary pH, UACR urinary albumin to creatinine ratio, UBCR urinary β2 microglobulin-creatinine ratio, 24-h Uur 24-h urinary uric acid excretion, FEur fractional excretion of uric acid, Cur uric acid clearance rate
  2. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 vs. the U0. Using the least significance difference (LSD) method if the variance is equal or the Tamhane’s T2 method if the variance is not equal, using Kruskal-Wallis test in case of nonparametric data distribution. Numbers are mean and SD or proportion. For TG, UACR, UBCR, CRP, Ug and FEur, median and the 25th and 75th percentile are shown
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BMC Nephrology

ISSN: 1471-2369

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